We study changing trends in within-city sorting by education over the last 40 years. show that neighborhoods closest to centers of large US cities rose from having lowest levels college attainment 1980 highest 2017. discuss determinants changes patterns, focusing on role transportation technology and income growth. outline various consequences recent urbanization graduates neighborhood amenitie...

Objective: In this study, the numerical values that will guide planner and manager depending on accessibility, adequacy effective service areas of Niğde urban green (GA) have been obtained. 
 Material Methods: The usage GA City is examined as children's playground, park sports areas. data was obtained from ASTER, Landsat 7-ETM SPOT satellite images, Development Plan (2017) with a scale 1/1...

execution of every planned program in cities has different process. process involves inhabitant's preferences, capacity of area or neighborhood, scale of people participation. after these strategies plans will prepared and executors apply them. planning in city scale considering potentials of area and participation of people is very important stage to eliminate undesirable appearances of c...

How to effectively maintain communal spaces is an important concern in many developing countries, particularly urban environments. But what strategies can communities use overcome the public goods problems involved maintaining their local environment? In this paper, we investigate whether changing incentives for a subset of community contribute good lead shift more efficient equilibrium as whol...

The neighborhood has had a long history in Iranian urbanization. Since urban plans wereintroduced by the authorities to shape urban development in Iran half a century ago, the concept of Iranian traditional neighborhood has been neglected gradually. The concept of neighborhood has not found the appropriate status in urban design and planning yet. One of the main reasons is that academics, profe...

This paper adds evidence structure to standard models of belief, in the form of families of sets of worlds. We show how these more fine-grained models support natural actions of “evidence management”, ranging from update with external new information to internal rearrangement. We show how this perspective leads to new richer languages for existing neighborhood semantics for modal logic. Our mai...

In this paper we propose a general variable neighborhood search approach for the balanced location problem. Next to large shaking neighborhoods, the embedded variable neighborhood descent utilizes three neighborhood structures that focus on different solution aspects. By a computational study, we show that this VNS outperforms existing methods with respect to average solution quality and stabil...

This note proposes various axiomatizations of contingency logic under neighborhood semantics. In particular, by defining a suitable canonical neighborhood function, we give sound and complete axiomatizations of monotone contingency logic and regular contingency logic, thereby answering two open questions raised by Bakhtiari, van Ditmarsch, and Hansen. The canonical function is inspired by a fun...