A signed graph is a graph where the edges are assigned either positive ornegative signs. Net degree of a signed graph is the dierence between the number ofpositive and negative edges incident with a vertex. It is said to be net-regular if all itsvertices have the same net-degree. Laplacian energy of a signed graph is defined asε(L(Σ)) =|γ_1-(2m)/n|+...+|γ_n-(2m)/n| where γ_1,...,γ_n are the ei...

I compare the welfare implications of implementing Bismarckian and Beveridgean social security systems. In an overlapping generations environment with intragenerational homogeneity, agents can be better off with a system with universal benefits than with a comparable system with earningsdependent benefits because the latter generates a stronger decrease in net wages. Once I allow for intragener...

in responses to norheim’s editorial, this commentary offers reflections from thailand, how the five unacceptable trade-offs were applied to the universal health coverage (uhc) reforms between 1975 and 2002 when the whole 64 million people were covered by one of the three public health insurance systems. this commentary aims to generate global discussions on how best uhc can be gradually achieve...

The main objective of this article is to optimize the walking pattern of a 2D humanoid robot with heel-off and toe-off motions in order to minimize the energy consumption and maximize the stability margin. To this end, at first, a gait planning method is introduced based on the ankle and hip joint position trajectories. Then, using these trajectories and the inverse kinematics, the position tra...

We aimed to develop alternative fishing gear for catching the common octopus, to decrease the use of bait and operating costs in comparison to commercial net pots. A tubular-type pot was designed, and behavioral responses of the common octopus were experimentally monitored in tank and replicated 10 times to compare fishing performances between 300 experimental and 300 commercial net pots in the...

in this paper, the application of neural networks for simulation and optimization of the cogeneration systems has been presented. cgam problem, a benchmark in cogeneration systems, is chosen as a casestudy. thermodynamic model includes precise modeling of the whole plant. for simulation of the steadysate behavior, the static neural network is applied. then using dynamic neural network, plant is...

[1] Data on the distribution of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) were obtained during six cruises off the Galician coast, a region characterized by a seasonal upwelling. The values of pCO2 over the continental shelf are highly variable and range between 265 and 415 matm during the upwelling season and between 315 and 345 matm during the downwelling season. Both the continental shelf and off-s...

this study was performed to evaluate the effects of crud protein (cp) level on dry matter intake in prepartum period, productive performance and health of fresh cows. twenty multiparous holstein cows were assigned randomly to one of two dietary treatments. dietary treatments were treatment 1, 13% cp of dm (control), and treatment 2, 16% cp of dm. diets were similar in lactation net energy and r...

DS-CDMA is evaluated for rectangular pulse shaping and square root raised cosine pulses with different roll off factors. Rectangular pulses are found to be better even with close adjacent channels. With synchronization error in the order of 10% of a chip interval, square root raised cosine pulses outperform the rectangular pulse.