This paper presents an overview on applications of HFS-FEM to functionally graded materials. Recent developments on the hybrid fundamental solution (HFS) based finite element model (FEM) of steady-state heat transfer, transient heat conduction, nonlinear heat transfer, and elastic problems of functionally graded materials (FGMs) are described. Formulations for all cases are derived by means of ...

This investigation presents a mathematical model describing the momentum, heat and mass transfer characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic MHD flow and heat generating/absorbing fluid near a stagnation point of an isothermal two-dimensional body of an axisymmetric body. The fluid is electrically conducting in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. The series solution is obtained for the resulti...

Steady heat transfer through a pin fin is studied. Thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient, and the source or sink term are assumed to be temperature dependent. In the model considered, the source or sink term is given as an arbitrary function. We employ symmetry techniques to determine forms of the source or sink term for which the extra Lie point symmetries are admitted. Method of sep...

In this study, by using the finite volume method, the heat transfer in a convective straight fin with temperature-dependent thermal properties and an internal heat generation under multi-boiling heat transfer modes are analyzed. In this regard, the local heat transfer coefficient is considered to vary within a power-law function of temperature. In the present study, the coexistence of all the b...

the performance of a γ-al 2 o 3 /n-decane nanofluid shell-and-tube heat exchanger in a biomass heating plant is analyzed to specify the optimum condition based on the maximum heat transfer rate and performance index for wide range of nanoparticle volume fraction (0–7%). compared with pure          n-decane, the obtained results in this research show that by using γ-al 2 o 3 /n-decane nanofluid ...

if an air flow is injected into a liquid fluid, many ambulant air bubbles are formed inside the fluid. air bubbles move inside the liquid fluid because of the buoyancy force, and the mobility of these air bubbles makes sizable commixture and turbulence inside the fluid. this mechanism was employed to enhance the heat transfer rate of a horizontal double pipe heat exchanger in this paper. howeve...