We measured the spatiotemporal aspects of the odor-induced population response in the turtle olfactory bulb using a voltage-sensitive dye, RH414, and a 464-element photodiode array. In contrast with previous studies of population activity using local field potential recordings, we distinguished four signals in the response. The one called DC covered almost the entire area of the olfactory bulb;...

in this paper, the electronic eigenstates and energy spectra of single and two-interacting electrons confined in a concentric double quantum rings with a perpendicular magnetic field in the presence of         on-center donor and acceptor impurities are calculated using the exact diagonalization method. for a single electron case, the binding energy of on-center donor and acceptor impurities ar...

In this paper, the electronic eigenstates and energy spectra of single and two-interacting electrons confined in a concentric double quantum rings with a perpendicular magnetic field in the presence of         on-center donor and acceptor impurities are calculated using the exact diagonalization method. For a single electron case, the binding energy of on-center donor and acceptor impurities ar...

as a major consequence of medical interventions, quality of life (qol) is of great importance for patients suffering from refractory diseases, particularly cancer. the unbiased measurement of changes in qol is thus crucial in such cases. a prevalent bias related to qol research is the ‘response shift’ (rs) phenomenon. this review article aims to define rs and the challenges in measuring it. in ...

Objectives: Focal electrical ®elds recorded over the midline prefrontal cortex have been found to index rapid evaluative decisions, including the recognition of having made an error in a speeded response task. The nature of these electrical ®elds and how they are related to cortical areas involved in response execution remains to be clari®ed. Methods: As subjects performed a speeded response ta...

we present a detailed analysis of the static tuning characteristics of three section tunable distributed bragg reflector (dbr) laser. the analysis is based on the transfer matrix method (tmm), transmission line and scattering theory. the key feature of the analysis is the use of modified oscillation condition. with the exact oscillation condition, the static tuning characteristics such as thres...

introduction lentil (lens culinaris medic) is an important and highly nutritious crop belonging to the family of legumes. lentil is cultivated worldwide but competition with weeds is a problem affecting production and can reduce yield by more than 80%. the study on the separation of impurities in bulk lentils (euphorbia helioscopia weed, wild oat weed and etc.) by a gravity separator has an ext...

In this study we analyzed the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on the streamflow in 187 sub-basins of the Iberian Peninsula. Monthly and one-month lagged correlations were conducted to assess the spatiotemporal extent of the NAO influence on Iberian river discharges. Analysis of the persistence of the winter NAO throughout the year was also undertaken, together with analysis of...