BACKGROUND The safe use of recycled paper and cardboard material for food packaging applications is     an important area of investigation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine which hazardous chemi- cal pollutants were found in paper and cardboard samples used for pastry packaging, and to measure the migration of pollutants over time into the pastries. METHODS In this study, the...

Research and development of packaging materials and packaging technology have shown a clear and irreversible trend toward “green” and active packaging. Recent studies on packaging materials have emphasized the use of biobased materials in conjunction with nanotechnology. Hence, in present study we explored a concept of using bionanohybrids and their composites with biobased polymer for active p...

The biomolecular mechanism that the double-stranded DNA viruses employ to insert and package their genomic DNA into a preformed procapsid is still elusive. To better characterize this process, we investigated packaging of bacteriophage phi29 DNA with structural alterations. phi29 DNA was modified in vitro by nicking at random sites with DNase I, or at specific sites with nicking enzyme N.BbvC I...

We report a novel lateral packaging approach using laser welding technique with angle polished fiber coupling to grating coupler embedded silicon photonic circuit. Measurements show the relax alignment tolerance for fiber packaging process. The packaging excess loss of 1.2 dB is achieved. The use of angle polished fiber for lateral fiber coupling enables an alternative way for cost-effective de...

ext-generation electronic packaging must be consistent with both semiconductors and systems. The packages of the past have been mostly passive containers for semiconductors. Given the need for extremely compact, ultra-low-cost electronic systems for the 21st century, and given that a wafer fabrication plant can cost $1 to $5 billion, what should packaging be in the future? Any packaging technol...

The RNA packaging process for retroviruses involves a recognition event of the genome-length viral RNA by the viral Gag polyprotein precursor (PrGag), an important step in particle morphogenesis. The mechanism underlying this genome recognition event for most retroviruses is thought to involve an interaction between the nucleocapsid (NC) domain of PrGag and stable RNA secondary structures that ...

In this study, the effects of coatings made of chitosan (Chi) incorporating thyme essential oil (TEO) on lipid oxidation and changing color indexes of walnut kernels were investigated. Chi: pure, in accompany with TEO at concentrations of 500 and 1000 microliter per liter, in an aqueous coating solution, with different packaging methods: Gunny sack, polypropylene and active packaging, compared ...

as milk is a liquid compound, it needs containers at every stages of movement. the first significant development in milk packaging created at the end of nineteenth century. the flavor changes and shelf life of pasteurized milk and ultra pasteurized milk are affected by processing conditions, packaging materials and microbial growth. off-flavor is an effective factor on reduction of milk quality...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the new trends in plastic additives, with special focus on developments in food packaging materials. Design/methodology/approach – Phenomenological research has brought awareness and increased insight into the role of various plastic additives on the packaging of foods. The approach is based on the current trends and the industrial protocols for ...

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif protein plays a critical role in the production of infectious virions. Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of small amounts of Vif in virus particles. However, Vif packaging was assumed to be nonspecific, and its functional significance has been questioned. We now report that packaging of Vif is dependent on the packaging of viral ...