the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of farmers' knowledge and attitude regarding farmer field school (ffs) on biological control against rice stem borer in mazandaran province. the population of the study included all farmers residing in three villages of kohnedan, rangrizmahalleh and aliabad (n=121). a questionnaire was developed from reviewed literature. the content a...

the comparative study of the impact of antenatal training care infants to fathers and couple on the fathers' participations. objectives: increasing number of working mothers and changes in viewpoints on fathers’ roles in families has increased fathers’ participations. fathers’ participation is his broad, positive and active participation in different stages of children’s life. wives posses...

BACKGROUND Relatively little empirical attention has focused on the association between social participation and depressive symptoms amongst older adults in Asian nations, where persons over the age of 65 represent a rapidly growing segment of the population. This study explores the dynamic relationship between participation in social activities and trajectories of depressive symptomatology amo...

The comparative study of the impact of antenatal training care infants to fathers and couple on the fathers' participations. Objectives: Increasing number of working mothers and changes in viewpoints on fathers’ roles in families has increased fathers’ participations. Fathers’ participation is his broad, positive and active participation in different stages of children’s life. Wives possess the...

The rapid development of communication and information technology has made electronic voting technologically and economically feasible. In this study, we will examine the differential impact of four electronic voting system (EVS) characteristics (privacy, accessibility, mobility, and accuracy) on voter participation intention (i.e., EVS voting) and on preferred EVS mechanism (telephone, Web-bas...

Measuring clinicians' shared decision-making (SDM) performance is a key requirement given the intensity of policy interest in many developed countries - yet it remains one of the most difficult methodological challenges, which is a concern for many stakeholders. In this Viewpoint Article, we investigate the development of existing patient-reported measures (PRMs) of SDM identified in a recent r...

Although the importance of patient participation is acknowledged in today's healthcare, many challenges remain before patient participation can become an integral part of care provision. The ward round has traditionally been the forum for crucial decisions about patient care, but often with limited possibilities for patient participation. As part of the process of improving patient participatio...