OBJECTIVES This study was conducted in order to obtain information concerning the health hazards that may result from a 13 week inhalation exposure of n-pentane in Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS This study was conducted in accordance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines for the testing of chemicals No. 413 'Subchronic inhalation toxicity: 90-day stud...

Hydrocarbons are the main components in natural gases. Although the molecular distribution has been often used to study the origin of hydrocarbon, the occurrence of pentane and hexane isomers has not been discussed for natural gases. This study first reports controlling factors of pentane and hexane isomer ratios of natural gases from Akita, Niigata and Hokkaido in Japan. For the samples from A...

catalytic isomerization of glucose to fructose by immobilized glucose isomerase in an aqueous-ethanol medium was studied. using michaelis-menten equation and haldane relationship, the main kinetic parameters were determined: kmf, vmf, kmr, vmr. by comparing the aqueous-ethanol medium with an aqueous solution, the measured values of kmr and kmf were increased in the aqueous-ethanol solution, whi...

Cat’s claw oxindole alkaloids are prone to isomerization in aqueous solution. However, studies on their behavior in extraction processes are scarce. This paper addressed the issue by considering five commonly used extraction processes. Unlike dynamic maceration (DM) and ultrasound-assisted extraction, substantial isomerization was induced by static maceration, turbo-extraction and reflux extrac...

In the title compound, [ReCl(C15H16N4)(CO)3], the Re(I) ion is coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral geometry by one Cl atom, two N atoms of the bidentate ligand and three carbonyl groups. The cyclo-pentane group is orientated in a transoid fashion with respect to the chloride ligand. The dihedral angle between the pryridine rings is 10.91 (12)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link comp...

In the title compound, C(10)H(15)NO(5), the five-membered cyclo-pentane ring has an envelope conformation, with four atoms lying in a plane (mean deviation = 0.0213 Å), while the fifth atom deviates from this plane by 0.626 (2) Å. A three-dimensional structure is formed through N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the amide and carb-oxy-lic acid groups and both carb-oxy-lic acid and amide O-a...