Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) became the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in Kenya in 2006. Studies have shown AL selects for SNPs in pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes in recurring parasites compared to the baseline infections. The genotypes associated with AL selection are K76 in pfcrt and N86, 184F and D1246 in pfmdr1. To assess the temporal change of these genotypes in western Kenya, 47 pa...

Key parasite polymorphisms were assessed in subjects treated for malaria with artesunate-amodiaquine in Tororo, Uganda. For pfcrt, all of the isolates tested had the CVIET haplotype. For pfmdr1, 86Y and 1246Y were common at baseline and their prevalences were significantly higher in new isolates after therapy, indicating that treatment selected for mutations associated with a decreased response...

Metode: Studi molekuler dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi alel mutan dua gen yang berhubungan dengan resistensi klorokuin pada isolat P. falciparum di Sumatera Selatan. Sebanyak 25 pasien diambil darahnya, kemudian dilakukan isolasi DNA. Susunan dari kedua gen (Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter/pfcrt dan Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance/pfmdr1) dianalisis dengan ...

As well as having the ability to reverse chloroquine resistance in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, verapamil has itself an innate antiplasmodial activity. We show here that mutations in Pgh1, the product of the malaria parasite's pfmdr1 gene, influence the parasite's susceptibility to the toxic effects of verapamil.

Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), with regular use of amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AQ/SP) during the transmission season, is now a standard malaria control measure in the Sahel subregion of Africa. Another strategy under study is SMC with dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine (DP). Plasmodium falciparum single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in P. falciparum crt (pfcrt), pfmd...

Mutations in PfCRT (Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistant transporter), particularly the substitution at amino acid position 76, confer chloroquine (CQ) resistance in P. falciparum. Point mutations in the homolog of the mammalian multidrug resistance gene (pfmdr1) can also modulate the levels of CQ response. Moreover, parasites with the same pfcrt and pfmdr1 alleles exhibit a wide range o...

Molecular surveillance of drug resistance markers through time provides crucial information on genomic adaptations, especially in parasite populations exposed to changing drug pressures. To assess temporal trends of established genotypes associated with tolerance to clinically important antimalarials used in Kenya over the last two decades, we sequenced a region of the pfcrt locus encompassing ...

Introduction. Despite the efforts of the malaria control programme, malaria morbidity is still a common health problem in Yemen, with 60% of the population at risk. Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for 99% of malaria cases. The emergence in Yemen of parasite resistance to chloroquine (CQ) prompted the adoption of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) in 2009, which involves the use of artes...

BG958 reverses resistance in chloroquine-resistant isolates from different countries. Five mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum crt (pfcrt) gene resulting in the amino acid changes K76T, M74I, N75E, A220S, and R371I are systematically identified in resistance-reversed Asian, African, and Brazilian parasites which possess the pfcrt (CIET) haplotype. In combination with BG958, the activity of c...