A heated semiconductor light-emitting diode at low forward bias voltage V<k(B)T/q is shown to use electrical work to pump heat from the lattice to the photon field. Here the rates of both radiative and nonradiative recombination have contributions at linear order in V. As a result the device's wall-plug (i.e., power conversion) efficiency is inversely proportional to its output power and diverg...

Asymmetric 2D photonic crystals were fabricated using polymer embedded PbS quantum dots on plastic substrates for enhancing optical down conversion efficiency from blue to near infrared wavelengths through enhanced extraction and excitation effects. We demonstrate 8x improvement of QD emission at normal incidence extraction from enhanced extraction and 2.5x improvement in power conversion effic...

twenty eight lactating buffaloes were used in a completely randomized design with 2×2 factorial arrangement of four experimental diets including low protein–low energy (lp-le), low protein–high energy (lp-he), high protein–low energy (hp-le) and high protein–high energy (hp-he). results showed that the hp-he diet recorded the highest digestibility coefficients of cp, ee, nfe, nutritive values, ...

Data are presented demonstrating a low thermal resistance lithographic laser. An 8 mm vertical-cavity surface emitting laser defined using lithography and epitaxial crystal growth provides output power of 14 mW, slope efficiency of 0.88 W/A corresponding to differential quantum efficiency of 70% and power conversion efficiency of 26%. Low thermal resistance, even without heatsinking, results in...

The work presented describes the characteristics of single stage and severed high-efficiency, high-power traveling-wave tube amplifiers operating in X band at 8.76 GHz. Average amplified output powers of 210 MW have been achieved at 24% efficiency. At high output power levels ( > 100 MW) sidebands develop increasing the average radiated power to over 400 MW with a microwave conversion efficienc...

Betavoltaic energy converters (i.e., β-batteries) are attractive power sources because of their potential for high energy densities (>200 MWh/kg) and long duration continuous discharge (>1 year). However, conversion efficiencies have been historically low (<3%). High efficiency devices can be achieved by matching β-radiation transport length scales with the device physics length scales. In this...

In this paper we studied preparation of working films of dye-sensitized solar cells using screen printed method. The organic dye based on phenoltiazine with cyanoacrylic acid as the electron donor group utilized as photosensitizer. Fluorine-doped thin oxide FTO coated glass is transparent electrically conductive and ideal for use in dye-sensitized solar cells. FTO glass was coated by screen pri...

In this paper, the ability of three selected machine learning neural and baseline models in predicting power conversion efficiency (PCE) organic photovoltaics (OPVs) using molecular structure information as an input is assessed. The bidirectional long short-term memory (gFSI/BiLSTM), attentive fingerprints (attentive FP), simple graph networks (simple GNN) well support vector regression (SVR), ...