abstract this study evaluates the iranian pre-university english textbook in terms of needs, objectives, content, and methodology. the study was designed on the qualitative- quantitative survey basis using interviews and questionnaires, a researcher-made textbook evaluation checklist and a needs analysis questionnaire. the textbook evaluation questionnaire was used in this study to elicit the ...

abstract the present study deals with a comparison between reactive and pre-emptive focus-on-form in terms of application and efficiency. it was conducted in an intermediate english class in shahroud. 15 male learners participated in this research and their age ranged from 18 to 25. a course book, new interchange 3, and a complementary book were used. every session the learners gave lectures o...

abstract this study examines the effect of teaching lexical inferencing strategies on developing reading comprehension skill of iranian advanced efl learners. participants were female students of meraj and shokouh institudes of garmsar a quasi-experimental design using two intact advanced classes of efl students at meraj and shokouh institutes. as the first step, a general toefl proficiency te...

the present study was conducted to investigate the role of summary in teaching grammar process on pre-university students. to this end, 48 male pre-university students in semnan were participants. they were math class that we called experimental group and science class as control group. in order to make sure there was no significant difference in proficiency level of two groups. a pre-test wa...

‏‎this study investigated the effect of prior knowledge on the listening comprehension performance of fl learners. twenty students, male and female, drawn from the two intact groups of the senior and junior english language and literature majors were chosen as the participants of this study . the two groups were then randomly assigned into the experimental and control group. the experimental gr...

بیماری بوته میری با عامل pythium ultimum یکی از مخرب ترین بیماری های خانواده کدوئیان (cucurbitaceae) بخصوص خیار در سطح دنیا از جمله در ایران به شمار می رود. سودومو ناس ها به خصوص pseudomonas fluorescens با تولید متابولیت های متنوعی مثل پایولوتئورین و 2و4 دی استیل فلوروگلوسینول قادرند قارچ عامل بیماری را تحت کنترل درآورند. برای بررسی اثر آنتی بیوتیک فنازین-1-کربوکسیلیک اسید بر روی قارچ عامل بیما...

: لوکمی شایع ترین بدخیمی در کوکان است. لوکمی لنفوبلاستیک حاد 25% بدخیمی های کودکان وتقریبا 75% لوکمی های کودکان را شامل می شود. مهمترین عامل تعیین پیش آگهی اتخاذ درمانی متناسب با ریسک می باشد که با توجه به ویژگی های بالینی مورفولوژیک، ایمونوفنوتیپ و سیتوژنتیک تعیین می گردد. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین ایمونوفنوتیپ و ترانسلوکاسیون کروموزومی بیماران کمتر از 15سال مبتلا به لوکمی بیمارستان امیرکبیر ارا...