For the current Intellectual Property (IP) transaction scenario, consensus nodes need to simultaneously transactions of same type, resulting in low efficiency, accuracy, and reliability, which seriously hinders development intellectual property. Based on consortium chain, this paper proposes a secure efficient blockchain-distributed algorithm, ST-PBFT (Shard Transaction Practical Byzantine Faul...

Radiation therapy is the therapeutic modality in which high energy radiations are used to kill tumor cells [1]. Conventional radiation therapy is a whole body radiation process resulting in numerous side effects, highlighting the need to identify alternative targeted therapy [1]. BNCT is a targeted therapy in which cancer cells accumulate boron and are subsequently bombarded with neutrons [2]. ...

We test the Salpeter formalism for calculating electron screening of nuclear fusion reactions by solving numerically the relevant Schrodinger equation for the fundamental proton-proton reaction. We evaluate exactly the square of the overlap integral of the two-proton wave function and the deuteron wave function and compare with the usual analytic approximation. The usual WKB solution agrees wit...

Background: Recent studies in eye plaque brachytherapy have shown a considerable difference between the dosimetric results using water phantom and a model of human eye containing realistic materials. In spite of this fact, there is a lack of simulation studies based on such a model in proton therapy literatures. In the presented work, the effect of utilizing an eye model with ocular media on pr...

Introduction: Proton therapy delivers radiation to tumor tissue in a much more confined way than conventional photon therapy thus allowing the radiation oncologist to use a greater dose while still minimizing side.   Materials and Methods: protons release most of their energy within the tumor region. As a result, the treating physician can potentially give an...

Background: in radiation treatment of moving targets located in thorax region of patient body, the delivered dose does not match with the planned treatment, resulting in some over and under dosage in the tumor volume, as a function of motion magnitude and frequency. Several efforts have been done to investigate the target motion effects on dose distribution in the target and surrounding normal ...

abstract prostate cancer is one of the life threatening disorders of male. although, over the last two decades, a high rate of overdiagnosis, and overtreatment has lowered the incidence rate of prostate cancer, the treatment or prevention strategies are not enough to control the high rate of disease related mortality. current medical treatment approaches include surgery, radiation therapy, chem...