OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of changes in body image psychological flexibility over the course of treatment on various outcome variables. METHOD Participants included 103 female, residential patients diagnosed with an eating disorder. Pretreatment and posttreatment data were collected that examined body image psychological flexibility, general psychological ...

BACKGROUND There is growing interest in measuring the eudaimonic perspective of mental well-being (social and psychological well-being) alongside existing measures of the hedonic perspective of mental well-being (subjective well-being). The Flourishing Scale (FS) assesses core aspects of social-psychological functioning and is now widely used in research in practice. However, the reliability an...

This paper reviews the four types of validity that make up Cook and Campbell's traditional approach for social science research in general and psychological research in particular: internal validity, statistical conclusion validity, external validity, and construct validity. The most important generalizability threat to the validity of jury research is not likely a selection main effect (i.e., ...

To facilitate life span research on depressive symptomatology, a depressive symptom scale for the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) is needed. The authors constructed such a scale (the CPI-D) and compared its psychometric properties with 2 widely used self-report depression scales: the Beck Depression Inventory and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Construct validi...

BACKGROUND Psychological distress is a widespread indicator of mental health and mental illness in research and clinical settings. A recurrent finding from epidemiological studies and population surveys is that women report a higher mean level and a higher prevalence of psychological distress than men. These differences may reflect, to some extent, cultural norms associated with the expression ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the literature for evidence that psychological factors predispose certain individuals to development of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). DATA SOURCES English-language journal articles that described psychological data on patients diagnosed with RSD, identified through Medline search and bibliography reviews. STUDY SELECTION All studies reporting data on psychological...

Communications to the Editor “Life satisfaction,” which Shepherd et al also measured, is only a general measure of psychological distress. When psychological distress was investigated in a much larger sample (n = 176), less favorable results were found. This may justify investigating the psychological difficulties ofadult CF sufferers in more detail. Adult CF patients do not, except rarely, suf...

Employee satisfaction in public health service organizations is meeting the expectations of employees with respect to psychological, structural and environmental factors. Many authors have studied employee satisfaction in different context in different organizations. This study tries to determine factors affecting employee satisfaction in PHSOs; to know the reliability and validity of items & f...

Although definitions of validity have evolved considerably since L. J. Cronbach and P. E. Meehl's classic (1955) review, contemporary validity research continues to emphasize correlational analyses assessing predictor-criterion relationships, with most outcome criteria being self-reports. The present article describes an alternative way of operationalizing validity--the process-focused (PF) mod...