background: citizenship education is increasingly considered as an important strategy to empower youths in taking responsibilities and playing their individual and social roles, and to protect them against psychosocial pathologies. the purpose of the present descriptive study was to investigate students’ levels of knowledge,  their intention, subjective norms, and attitudes toward the character...

oxidative stress has been implicated in the progression of hiv to aids, since hiv usually replicates in a highly oxidized condition and cd4+ t lymphocytes can be activated via a cascade of internal oxidative pathways, which enhances the formation of proteins and enzymes. thus, antioxidants should potentially be useful for the treatment and prevention of hiv infection as a new alternative strate...

Rather than a new feature of modern industrial society, we argue that the much-discussed problem of "risk" represents only a modern conceptual language for discussing the age-old problems of uncertainty and control. What is different about the worries of the present day is not the number of hazards we face or the degree of uncertainty we feel about our lives, but rather it is the language we us...

Collective action raises both conceptual and descriptive questions. The conceptual question concerns when we should count a set of actions performed by individuals as a unified ‘collective action’. For example, when a group of passengers aboard a broken bus spontaneously exit the bus and push it off the railroad tracks, we would call this event an instance of ‘collective action’ – we would say ...