BACKGROUND Prioritizing women's health helps achievement of the 4(th) and 5(th) goals of Millennium Development Program. This study aimed to investigate association between social determinants of health and women's health of reproductive age. METHODS This population-based cross-sectional study, using multi-stage sampling procedure was conducted on 770, 15 to 49-year-old women residing in any ...

The United Nations Declaration of 2000 agreed on eight millennium development goals (MDGs) to be met in 2015. The results show that poverty continues through population growth and advances in both rich and poor countries are threatened by economic crises and inequities in geographic areas and population groups within countries. In a globalized world with great social and economic inequalities, ...

Myeloma proteins (1) and antibodies of a given specificity (2, 3) produced in an individual animal possess individually specific or "idiotypic" (4) antigenic determinants. 1 Idiotypic cross-reactions among antibodies of the same specificity from different individual rabbits or humans are infrequent (2, 3, 5, 6) and are generally weak when they do occur (7). Eichmann and Kindt (8), however, rece...

Myeloma proteins (1) and antibodies of a given specificity (2, 3) produced in an individual animal possess individually specific or "idiotypic" (4) antigenic determinants. 1 Idiotypic cross-reactions among antibodies of the same specificity from different individual rabbits or humans are infrequent (2, 3, 5, 6) and are generally weak when they do occur (7). Eichmann and Kindt (8), however, rece...

sorted to the apical domain (Lisanti et al., 1989), primarily based on their N-glycan complement, although their lipid tails may also play some role (Benting et al., 1999). The importance of extracellular carbohydrate determinants in apical sorting implies a critical role for a carboBettina Winckler* and Ira Mellman* Department of Cell Biology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Conne...

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to streptococcal group A carbohydrate (GAC) are encoded by a minimum of two VH, four JH, four V kappa, three J kappa, one V lambda, and one J lambda gene segments. The IdX, IdI-1, and Id5 idiotypic determinants are expressed by anti-GAC mAb and are found on free kappa chains. Each pattern of these determinants is encoded by a distinct V kappa gene segment, apparently...

In the last decade, a novel type of food allergy presenting with severe allergic reactions several hours after consumption of red meat has been recognized. The allergic responses are due to IgE antibodies directed against the carbohydrate epitope galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) found in mammalian meat. This review presents the red meat allergy syndrome in Sweden, discusses the features of the...

In the hope of obtaining useful probes to study the structure of human apolipoprotein B (apo B), we characterized monoclonal antibodies against low density lipoprotein (LDL). We examined the distribution of their corresponding antigenic determinants on tryptic fragments of LDL separated by monodimensional (SDS) or two-dimensional electrophoresis. Each antibody reacted with several different fra...

With the use of a newly developed solid-phase radioimmunoassay method, the major antigenic determinants of human small-intestinal goblet-cell mucin were investigated and related to the overall tertiary structure of the mucin. Preliminary hapten inhibition studies with various oligosaccharides of known sequence and structure suggested that the determinants did not reside in carbohydrate. Exhaust...