Existing literature reveals that during reading, gaze fixations within a word are not necessarily close to the optimal reading position. The optimal position for reading represents the gaze fixation near the center of each word for which recognition time is minimal. In our study, we examined the match between optimal position and initial fixation position, which has not been studied before. We ...

Over the past decades, the relation between reading skills and eye movement behavior has been well documented in English-speaking cohorts. As English and German differ substantially with regard to orthographic complexity (i.e. grapheme-phoneme correspondence), we aimed to delineate specific characteristics of how reading speed and reading comprehension interact with eye movements in typically d...

EEGs of extensively screened dyslexics and normal readers were recorded while they read easy and difficult texts silently and orally, and during two other verbal tasks which also differed in overt speaking but had no reading component: narrative speaking and listening to a story. Mid-temporal, central and parietal leads were referenced to linked ears and to Cz. Large differences between tasks a...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of internet communication technologies (ICT) usage and reading literacy of Northeast Asian Students in PISA 2009. ICT was crucial for all governments in the world towards promoting equity. ICT had been considered a low cost opportunity towards equalizing educational systems. A multilevel modeling (MLM) was applied to identify at whic...

Is it advantageous to be strongly lateralized? The current study investigated this question by examining the relationship between visual field asymmetries for lexical tasks and reading performance in a sample of 200 young adults. Larger visual field asymmetries were associated with better reading performance, but this relationship was obtained primarily in those with strong and consistent hand ...

Working memory is considered a well-established predictor of individual variation in reading comprehension in children and adults. However, how storage and processing capacities of working memory in both the phonological and semantic domain relate to reading comprehension is still unclear. In the current study, we investigated the contribution of phonological and semantic storage, and phonologi...

OBJECT To spare the cortical areas involved both in musical score reading and in language, the authors used a score reading task during direct cortical stimulation mapping in musicians undergoing operations for brain lesions. The organization of the cortical areas involved in language and score reading, respectively, was analyzed in relation with these surgical data. METHODS Seven patients wi...