Background Cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is an essential physiological regulator of arterial blood pressure and intravascular volume. Unlike other “natriuretics”, which reduce interstitial fluid volume with little change in plasma volume, ANP has important extrarenal, endothelial actions that enable it to reduce plasma volume preferentially. Thus ANP, via its guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A...

Background: Weaning from mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit is an important step in the treatment process. More patients in less than 6 hours after cardiac surgery can be separated from mechanical ventilation and extubated. However, 20-40% of patients after cardiac surgery, due to dysfunctional ventilator weaning response (DVWR), still remain under mechanical ventilation. Therefo...

Nanofluid is prepared through the nanoscale particles suspended in a fluid base and Nanotechnology is a new attempt to investigate the thermal sciences. As a result of huge investment in developed countries on nanotechnology, research on thermal properties of nano-fluids is of particular interest.Due to the usage of nanotechnology to reduce energy waste, in this project CeO2 with EG is used to ...

Background: Monte Carlo simulations play a vital role in the calculation of the necessary shielding both for neutrons and photons. Advanced and simple shielding materials against neutron and gamma rays were compared by simulation using the MCNB4B Monte Carlo code. The simulations were carried out for the three common neutron sources, namely the 252Cf, the 241Am/Be and the DD neutron generator w...

Direct volume rendering is a popular technique for scientifc visualization. The computation cost of direct volume rendering increases exponentially as the size of the volume dataset increases. Hence, efficient volume rendering has become an important issue. In this work, we study parallel volume rendering algorithms based on sparse data structures. In order to exploit object space coherence, we...

Background: Laminar flow ventilation systems were developed to reduce surgical contamination in joint arthroplastyto avoid periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The goals of this study are to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and economicviability of installing and maintaining a laminar flow system in an operating room.Methods: A Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the c...

Doubly periodic (periodic both in time and in space) solutions for the Lagrange–Euler equation of the (1 + 1)–dimensional scalar φ theory are considered. The nonlinear term is assumed to be small, and the Poincaré– Lindstedt method is used to find asymptotic solutions in the standing wave form. The principal resonance problem, which arises for zero mass, is solved if the leading-order term is t...