background: spinach is one of the vegetables with a high concentration of nitrate which is affected by various processes such as cooking and refrigeration before consumption. the present study aimed to investigate the effect of home cooking method, which has not been studied before, on the level of nitrate and nitrite in spinach. the effect of refrigeration was studied, as well.   methods: afte...

The potential to store energy within refrigerated food products presents convenience store and supermarket operators with an opportunity to participate in utility sponsored demand response programs, whereby electricity usage can be shifted or reduced during peak periods. To determine the feasibility of reducing peak demand by shifting the refrigeration load to off-peak times, experimental and a...

In recent years, with the increase awareness towards environmental degradation due to the production, use and disposal of ChloroFluoro Carbons (CFCs) and Hydro Chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) as heat carrier fluids in conventional refrigeration and air conditioning systems has become a subject of great concern and resulted in extensive research into development of novel refrigeration and space cond...

Design and developmental methodology of thermoelectric refrigeration has been explained in detail also the theoretical physical characteristics of thermoelectric cooling module used in this research work have been investigated. Authors have been designed and developed an experimental prototype of thermoelectric refrigeration system working on solar photo voltaic cells generated DC voltage. The ...

Recent developments in the industrial refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump sector have included significant increases in the typical operating pressures of systems. With ammonia this offers several opportunities to capitalise on the high critical temperature and high index of compression of the refrigerant in order to deliver heat efficiently in the temperature range 70C – 90C. It also...

To fulfill the need for a simple and rapid diagnostic test for human brucellosis, we used the immunochromatographic lateral flow assay format to develop two assays, one for the detection of Brucella-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies and one for the detection of Brucella-specific IgG antibodies. The diagnostic values of these tests were examined. The tests are shown to detect acute, per...

 liquefied natural gas (LNG) is the most economical way of transporting natural gas (NG) over long distances. Liquefaction of NG by using vapor compression refrigeration system requires high operating and capital cost. Due to lack of systematic design methods for multistage refrigeration cycles, the conventional approaches of determining optimal cycle configuration are mostly based on trial-an...

Synthetic biology uses living cells as molecular foundries for the biosynthesis of drugs, therapeutic proteins, and other commodities. However, the need for specialized equipment and refrigeration for production and distribution poses a challenge for the delivery of these technologies to the field and to low-resource areas. Here, we present a portable platform that provides the means for on-sit...