Coordination is very important in supply chain management and it is one of the main factors in supply chain profitability. Bullwhip effect is one of the basic obstacles to achieve coordination in supply chains and reduction of this phenomenon has an important role in supply chain harmony. The other side, costs of supply chain can be mitigated and customer service level can be increased by reduc...

There is growing social pressure for organizations to reduce their rates of consumption of nonrenewable natural resources and in parallel, to also reduce the release of post-production and postconsumption waste to landfills, water bodies and air, thereby causing damage to the environment. To respond to the pressure it is necessary that organizations’ operations prioritize the “3R” goals: Reduce...

Today’s competitive business environment has resulted in increasing cooperation among individual companies as members of a supply chain. Accordingly, third party logistics providers (3PLs) must operate supply chains for a number of different clients who want to improve their logistics operations for both forward and reverse flows. As a result of the dynamic environment in which these supply cha...

Reverse logistics (RL) and closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) have recently received enormous attention due to growing environmental concerns and legislations coupled with the lucrative business potential. The main purpose of this paper is to develop a closed-loop supply chain network design model capable of recovering glass containers. A multi-period multi-product mixed-integer linear programmin...

Operations Research has addressed a variety of environmental problems outside the traditional supply chain management area such as remanufacturing, reverse logistics, and waste management. Supply chain sustainability, which includes designing green supply chains, will gain much more attention in the future. Indeed, most companies are still in the early stage of considering a green initiative. T...

managing the supply chain plays an important role in creating competitive advantages for companies. adequate information flow in supply chain is one of the most important issues in scm. therefore, using certain information systems can have a significant role in managing and integrating data and information within the supply chain. pharmaceutical supply chain is more complex than many other supp...

companies strive to improve market share, grow corporate profit, and gain strategic advantage. in order to achieve these goals, supply chain competency must be placed at the heart of a company’s business model. using e-commerce and information and communication technologies (ict) in today’s changing demands of business has made organizations more responsive and flexible. e-commerce and internet...