Comparative studies of urbanisation can be characterized by their emphasis on the quantitative and visual aspects of urban growth, which is amongst other things reflected in the analysis of spatial patterns and rates of urban population growth. The visual aspects relate both to the spatial realisation of the demand for urban land use and its functional variation. This emphasis can be understood...

Rosalind Elsie Franklin worked with X-ray crystallography at King's College London, UK, and she helped determine the helical structure of DNA in the early 1950s. Franklin's research helped establish molecular genetics, a field that investigates how heredity works on the molecular level. The discovery of the structure of DNA also made future research possible into the molecular basis of embryoni...

Lerner, called “The Bunsen Burner” by his high school classmates, was a scientist’s scientist. Born in 1921, he later took Bunsen as his middle name. He earned his M.D. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Minnesota, both in 1945. In 1952, he moved to Oregon with his friend and colleague Thomas B. Fitzpatrick, who was the newly appointed head of the University of Oregon Medical School’s Div...

E . Donnall Thomas, M.D., Emeritus Director of the Clinical Research Division of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Emeritus Professor of Medicine at the University of Washington in Seattle, was once called a humble humanitarian. That was when he already had received the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology in 1990—but this is only one side of the man who had been a dedicated res...

Early life.—Emory was born 12 April 1920, in Hillsboro, Fountain County, Indiana, the son of Floyd and Estel May McAlister Simmons, the middle child of three girls and two boys. He was very fond of Minnie, his maternal grandmother, called ‘‘Dolly’’ by everyone, who lived with the family. The family moved to Crawfordsville, Indiana, before Emory entered school to a home whose former location is ...

Of all bronchial diseases, fibrinous, plastic, pseudo-membranous or Hoffmann's bronchitis seems to be one of the rarest. It has been estimated that up to 1869 about 130 cases had been reported (Walker, 1920); between 1869 and 1902 Bettmann (1902) collected 50, and between 1902 and 1920 a further 31 were reported (Walker, 1920). From 1920 to 1950 I have collected 25 new ones and these would brin...

A new genus is split off the genus Craspedolcus Enderlein, 1920 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae): Maculibracongen. n. with type species Maculibracon abruptussp. n. The genus Craspedolcus Enderlein sensu stricto is redefined, a key to both genera and to their species in China, Thailand and Vietnam is included. Craspedolcus obscuriventris Enderlein, 1920, (syn. n.) is a new synonym of Craspe...