Abstract Self antigen-specific T cells are prevalent in the mature adaptive immune repertoire. At steady state, these regulated by various mechanisms of peripheral tolerance. Characterizing activation self during inflammation may shed crucial insights into pathogenesis autoimmunity. Utilizing an experimental animal model where mice express three cell epitopes (2W, gp66, and OVA) a tissue restri...

Cooperation between thymus-derived (T) a lymphocytes and non-thymus-derived (B) lymphocytes has been shown to be necessary for the antibody response to protein antigens in experimental animals (1) and in man (2). Supernates of antigen-stimulated T cells can replace T cells for the in vitro antibody response by B cells (3). Two classes of T-ceU helper factors have been demonstrated in experiment...

Advances in basic immunology over the past decade have changed the scope and application of cancer vaccines. Perhaps the most important advance is the demonstration that human tumors are immunogenic and the identification of tumor-specific antigens. In fact, dozens of immunogenic proteins have been identified in patients with cancer using high throughput technologies. More importantly, we have ...

BACKGROUND To characterise the association between demographic and clinical factors and levels of total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) and its molecular derivatives complexed PSA (cPSA), free PSA (fPSA) and the ratio of free to total PSA (%fPSA)] in New Zealand Maori, Pacific Islanders and Europeans, in order to determine whether reported ethnic differences in PSA can be explained by lifestyl...

Background and Aims: Influenza is an acute respiratory illness that is caused by a virus belonging to Orthomyxoviridae family. This virus spreads rapidly every year in cold season and leads to morbidities and mortalities especially in adults and children, which causes billions of dollars of economic losses. Accordingly, development of a rapid, sensitive and inexpensive laboratory diagnosis base...

Received: 16 September 1999 Revisions requested: 6 October 1999 Revisions received: 11 October 1999 Accepted: 11 October 1999 Published: 26 October 1999 © Current Science Ltd Important note about how to cite this article This article is also available online in the Arthritis Research website. To avoid confusion, please ensure that only the online version of the article is cited in any reference...