We present a method for on-line mathematical formulae recognition based on the structural construction paradigm and twodimensional grammars. In general, this approach can be successfully used in the analysis of inputs composed of objects that exhibit rich structural relations. An important benefit of the structural construction is in not treating symbols segmentation and structural analysis as ...

A general formula of the higher-order asymptotic standard error is derived for the estimators of the parameters in structural equation modeling. The formula can be used for nonnormally distributed data as well as normally distributed ones. For this derivation, the thirdand fourth-order asymptotic central moments of sample variances and covariances are provided for nonnormally and normally distr...

The optical, magnetic and structural properties of Eu doped low silica calcium aluminosilicate glasses were investigated. The optical absorption coefficient presented two bands at 39,246 and 29,416 cm(-1), which were assigned respectively to the [Formula in text], and [Formula in text] transitions of Eu(2+). The fluorescence measured at 300 K on a sample doped with 0.5 wt% of Eu(2)O(3) exhibite...

The solute carrier SLC4 family consists of 10 members, nine of which are [Formula: see text] transporters, including three Na(+)-independent Cl(-)/[Formula: see text] exchangers AE1, AE2, and AE3, five Na(+)-coupled [Formula: see text] transporters NBCe1, NBCe2, NBCn1, NBCn2, and NDCBE, as well as "AE4" whose Na(+)-dependence remains controversial. The SLC4 [Formula: see text] transporters play...

Current analyses of protein sequence/structure relationships have focused on expected similarity relationships for structurally similar proteins. To survey and explore the basis of these relationships, we present a general sequence/structure map that covers all combinations of similarity/dissimilarity relationships and provide novel energetic analyses of these relationships. To aid our analysis...

This paper extends our approach to the verification of spatial properties of π-calculus specifications. The mechanism is based on a graphical encoding for mobile calculi where each process is mapped into a graph (with interfaces) such that the denotation is fully abstract with respect to the usual structural congruence, i.e., two processes are equivalent exactly when the corresponding encodings...

Structural damage detection using measured response data has emerged as a new research area in civil, mechanical, and aerospace engineering communities in recent years. In this paper, a universal fast algorithm is presented for sensitivity-based structural damage detection, which can quickly improve the calculation accuracy of the existing sensitivity-based technique without any high-order sens...

Ph.D., F.R.I.C. (Pp. 214, 15s.). London: Bailli6re, Tindall & Cox, 1964. Ths small book replaces the popular "Aids to Organic Chemistry" by the same author. The thirty-eight chapters cover structural isomerism and stereoisomerism, the general properties of the main groups of organic compounds and a brief description of important heterocyclic and polycyclic substances. The general lay-out is exc...

An objective image quality assessment method for image fusion based on mutual information and multi-scale structural similarity is presented. A simplified formula was deduced to compute the information amount transformed from the source images to the final fused image. With this formula we managed to resolve the overlapping information problem immediately and predigested the calculation extreme...