Obtaining a detailed microscopic view of protein transitions among key structural states is central to obtaining a deeper understanding of the relationship between protein dynamics and function. Doing so in the wet laboratory is currently not possible. It is also infeasible to model conformational switching through computational treatments based on Molecular Dynamics, particularly when the obje...

label switching technology is a flexible and high performance method for forwarding layer three packets that are mapped to layer two flows. each label switch router, lsr, needs a specific label for every flow, where the number of labels depends on the mapping and granularity of flows. data and control driven methods are the most significant and popular methods in label mapping policy. the above...

this paper presents a novel control method to improve the efficiency of low-voltage dc-dc converters at light loads. pulse width modulation (pwm) converters have poor efficiencies at light loads, while pulse frequency modulation (pfm) control is more efficient for the same cases. switching losses constitute a major portion of the total power loss at light loads. to decrease the switching losses...

fatty liver is a metabolic disorder of dairy cows in early lactation, and approximately half of multi-parous dairy cows experience a moderate to severe fatty liver at calving. since the occurrence of fatty liver in buffalo is not known, the aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatic content of triacylglycerols (tag) and total lipids (tl), and the serum content of non-esterified fatty acids (...

Synthetic biology and genome-scale protein work both require rapid and efficient cloning, expression and purification. Tools for co-expression of multiple proteins and production of fusion proteins with purification and solubility tags are often desirable. Here we present a survey of plasmid vectors that provide for some of these features with a focus on tools for rapid cloning and traceless ta...

Two phenomena can produce chattering: switching of input control signal and the large amplitude of this switching (switching gain). To remove the switching of input control signal, dynamic sliding mode control (DSMC) is used. In DSMC switching is removed due to the integrator which is placed before the plant. However, in DSMC the augmented system (system plus the integrator) is one dimension bi...

One conceptual mechanism for the induction of associative long-term memory is that a synaptic tag, set by a weak event, can capture plasticity-related proteins from a nearby strong input, thus enabling associativity between the 2 (synaptic tagging and capture, STC). So far, STC has been observed for only a limited time of 60 min. Nevertheless, association of weak memory forms can occur beyond t...