Turbidity measurements are frequently implemented for the monitoring of heterogeneous chemical, physical, or biotechnological processes. However, for quantitative measurements, turbidity probes need calibration, as is requested and regulated by the ISO 7027:1999. Accordingly, a formazine suspension has to be produced. Despite this regulatory demand, no scientific publication on the stability an...

 Background: The refining process generates large volumes of wastewater containing a variety of chemical contaminants. The use of natural substitutes in treating wastewater which have fewer harmful effects is considered an effective step towards protecting the environment and sustaining the development of these industries. This study focused on the use of Moringa oleifera and alum at t...

Polymeric phosphate aluminum-ferric chloride (PPAFC) in this study was prepared. In order to obtain the optimum conditions for preparation of PPAFC, resulting in a better turbidity removal efficiency, parameters such as the molar ratio of Al/Fe, P/(Al+Fe), OH/(Al+Fe) as well as the reaction temperature were examined. Results showed that the optimal synthetic conditions were Al/Fe of 6:4, P/(Al+...

The abundance of Aeromonas hydrophila was measured in 147 natural aquatic habitats in 30 states and Puerto Rico. Viable cell counts were used to estimate density at all sites by using Rimler-Shotts medium, a differential presumptive medium for A. hydrophila. Temperature, pH, conductivity, salinity, and turbidity were measured simultaneously with water sample collection. The density of A. hydrop...

In this study Response Surface Methodology was used to optimize process conditions and to evaluate the effect of ultrasound on quality attributes (antioxidant activity, pH, total soluble solid, turbidity) and the inactivation of Escherichia coli bacteria in carrot juice. Independent variables in this study were temperature (25-50°C), time (20-40 min) and frequency (0-130 kHz). In this study the...

colloids are small suspended particles in water which can not be settled or removed naturally due to their light weight and stability. these particles pose some degree of stability and cause water turbidity. there are some concerns regarding colloid removal efficiency in water treatment plants of iran. in this study, the effectiveness of aluminium sulfate and poly-aluminum chloride was evaluate...