Thyroid follicular cell tumors arise in rodents from mutations, perturbations of thyroid and pituitary hormone status with increased stimulation of thyroid cell growth by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or a combination of the two. The only known human thyroid carcinogen is ionizing radiation. It is not known for certain whether chemicals that affect thyroid cell growth lead to human thyroid...

BACKGROUND The thyroid gland is among the most radiosensitive organs. However, little is known about the long-term risk of developing a thyroid tumor after fractionated external radiotherapy for cancer during childhood. OBJECTIVE To study the long-term risk of developing a thyroid tumor in 4096 three-year survivors of childhood cancer treated between May 1942 and December 1985 in 8 centers in...

sodium iodide-131 is administrated for treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer. iodine-131 has multiple routs of excretion (urine, saliva, sweat, milk, feces, exhalation) from the body. patients receiving sodium iodide-131 therapy exposes other persons and the environment to unwanted radiation and contamination. the major source of radiation dose from administration of iodine-131 is ext...

BACKGROUND The present data show a global increase in the rate of cardiovascular disease. Cardiac CT angiography has developed as a fast and non-invasive cardiac imaging modality following the introduction of multi-slice computed tomogaraphy. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to measure the radiation dose to the thyroid and pelvis regions in patients undergoing cardiac CT angiography using...

BACKGROUND Radioactive iodine as a treatment modality has been shown in several studies to be a safe and effective therapy for Graves disease. However, there is still no uniformity regarding optimal dosing method. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of calculated and fixed dosing of radioiodine for the treatment of Graves disease. METHODS A hundred twenty-two patients diagnosed w...

OBJECTIVE A thyroid rat model combining functional and anatomical information would be of great benefit for better modeling of thyroid physiology and for absorbed dose calculations. Our aim was to show that (124)I-PET and CT small animal imaging are useful as a combined model for studying thyroid physiology and dose calculation. METHODS Seven rats were subjects for multiple thyroid (124)I-ima...

PURPOSE To relate the development of post-treatment hypothyroidism with the dose distribution within the thyroid gland in breast cancer (BC) patients treated with loco-regional radiotherapy (RT). METHODS AND MATERIALS In two groups of BC patients postoperatively irradiated by computer tomography (CT)-based RT, the individual dose distributions in the thyroid gland were compared with each othe...

Serum thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroxine concentrations were monitored in 42 infants who had been treated for congenital hypothyroidism. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations were raised in 22 of the infants (52%) at 2 to 4 months, in 16 (38%) at 5 to 11 months, in 14 (33%) at 12 to 18 months, and in eight (19%) at 2 to 4 years. Serum thyroxine and the dose of L-thyroxine/kg/b...

Bachground: Hadron therapy is a novel technique of cancer radiation therapy which employs charged particles beams, 1H and light ions in particular. Due to their physical and radiobiological properties, they allow one to obtain a more conformal treatment, sparing better the healthy tissues located in proximity of the tumor and allowing a higher control of the disease.  Objective: As it is well ...