Bark beetles, fuels and future fire hazard in contrasting conifer forests of Greater Yellowstone" (2013). ABSTRACT The extent and severity of bark beetle (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) epidemics and the frequency of large, severe fires have reached unprecedented levels in recent decades, and these trends are expected to continue with ongoing climate change. Insects and fire have tremendous ecologi...

background: during recent years, there have been many advances in different types of pharmacological and non‑pharmacological tobacco control treatments. in this study, we aimed to identify the most effective smoking cessation methods used in quit based upon a review of the literature. methods: we did a search of pubmed, limited to english publications from 2000 to 2012. two trained reviewers in...

Seed blends containing various ratios of transgenic Bt maize (Zea mays L.) expressing the mCry3A+eCry3.1Ab proteins and non-Bt maize (near-isoline maize) were deployed alone and in combination with a soil applied pyrethroid insecticide (Force CS) to evaluate the emergence of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, in a total of nine field environments across the Midwe...

Cross-resistance, and longevity of resistance, induced by the bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata, was studied IN the soybean PI 227687 that exhibited induced response in earlier studies. Bean leaf beetle adults and soybean looper, Pseudoplusia includens, larvae were used to induce resistance and to determine beetle feeding preference. Beetles were collected from soybean fields 2 to 5 days pr...

The striped cucumber beetle, Acalymma vittatum (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a key pest of cucurbit crops throughout its range. A novel precision band applicator was designed to inject a solid stream of imidacloprid solution in-furrow directly over the seed during planting to reduce beetle leaf feeding on pumpkin, zucchini, and cucumber crops. In 2004 and 2005, bioassays at the cotyledon...

in this study, we investigated the causes behind increase trends in smoking and extent of tobacco use in saudi arabia. we also explored the issues related to and its impact tobacco control research and policy in the kingdom.data were collected from various published articles, public data based such as who, geneva and cdc atlanta. data were also obtained from surveys conducted by various institu...

background: nicotiana tobacco contains large amounts of alkaloid nicotine. tobacco plant is used for smoking and causes many health problems since it is high in nicotine which is one of the widely-recognized toxic compounds with serious side effects for different body organs. reducing nicotine content of this plant is a way to reduce its health hazards in cigarette smokers. utilizing the new me...