Transfer-based Machine Translation systems require a procedure for choosing the set of transfer rules for generating a target language translation from a given source language sentence. In an MT system with many competing transfer rules, choosing the best set of transfer rules for translation may involve the evaluation of an explosive number of competing sets. We propose a solution to this prob...

In this paper, we improve the attention or alignment accuracy of neural machine translation by utilizing the alignments of training sentence pairs. We simply compute the distance between the machine attentions and the “true” alignments, and minimize this cost in the training procedure. Our experiments on large-scale Chinese-to-English task show that our model improves both translation and align...

We study the invertible version of Furstenberg’s ‘Ergodic CP Shift Systems’, which describe a random walk on measures on Euclidean space. These measures are by definition invariant to a scaling procedure, and satisfy a condition called adaptedness under a ”local” translation operation. We show that the distribution is in fact non-singular with respect to a suitably defined translation operator ...

We propose a non-clausal decision procedure for classical propositional logic. It is a generalization of the Davis-Putnam procedure and deals with formulae which are not necessarily in clausal form. Since there is no need to translate the investigated formula into normal form, we avoid increasing its size but preserve its structure. This will in general lead to a much smaller search space and t...

We propose a non-clausal decision procedure for classical propositional logic. It is a generalization of the Davis-Putnam procedure and deals with formulae which are not necessarily in clausal form. Since there is no need to translate the investigated formula into normal form, we avoid increasing its size but preserve its structure. This will in general lead to a much smaller search space and t...

This paper is on the importance of extratextual knowledge in professionalization trainees. Translation not a mere procedure transfer from one language to another, but cognitive process be performed by combining original and translated text with cultural, encyclopedic or world knowledge. raises question what kind method can followed turn textual research skills into reflex translator training. A...

The framework is machine-translation. Compiler-building can for'a variety of reasons be considered as a special case of machine-translation. It is the purpose of this paper to explicate some techniques used in compiler-building, and to relate these to linguistic theory and to the practice of machine-translation. " The generally observed machine-translation procedure could be schernatized as in ...

Translation can be a problem area for researchers conducting qualitative studies in languages other than English who intend to publish the results in an English-language journal. Analyzing the data is also complex when the research team consists of people from different language backgrounds. Translation must be considered as an issue in its own right to maintain the integrity of the research, e...

This paper reports the result of our experiment, the aim of which is to examine the efficiency of reading support systems such as a sentencemachine translation system, a word-machine translation system, and so on. Our evaluation method used in the experiment is able to handle the different reading support systems by assessing the usability of the systems, i.e., comprehension, reading speed, and...