BACKGROUND Inflammation is a predominant characteristic of autoimmune diseases which is characterized by the increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Soon to be published work from our laboratory has shown that ingestion of Perna canaliculus prevents the development of autoimmune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis in laboratory animals. The current...

Thioglycollate Broth Medium was used for culturing the test bacteria. Thioglycollate Broth Medium containing 0.5% sodium thiosulfate, O.S^o Tween ® 80, and 0.07% lecithin was used as the transplant medium. The sodium thiosulfate inactivates free iodine which mav be carried over. The Tween ® 80 and lecithin serve as inactivators for the quaternary compounds and hexachlorophene, and thioglycollat...

Susceptibility to the lethal toxicity of endotoxin in mice pretreated with emulsified trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate was enhanced by (i) increasing the oil concentration while keeping the Tween concentration constant; and (ii) decreasing the Tween concentration, while keeping the oil concentration constant.

The nanotribological responses of a series of nonionic polyoxyethylene surfactants (Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, and Tween 80) were investigated after they were adsorbed from aqueous solution onto atomically smooth hydrophobic substrates. The hydrophobic surfaces were composed of a condensed monolayer of octadecyltriethoxysilane (OTE; contact angle theta>110 degrees ). The nanorheological meas...

Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the intracellular protozoan, Leishmania. A current treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis involves the delivery of imidazoquinolines via a topical cream. However, there are no parenteral formulations of imidazoquinolines for the most deadly version of the disease, visceral leishmaniasis. This work investigates the use of electrospray to encapsulate the imidaz...

A total of 111 Candida isolates representing 11 species were examined for their respective responses to a Tween 80 opacity test. The strains of Candida albicans and C. tropicalis that were examined produced an opacity response around their colonies at 2 to 3 days postinoculation. A second group of Candida species yielded a halo around their colonies at 8 to 10 days postinoculation. The remainin...