construction of the intake structures to divert some portion of flow water from a main channel causes some variations of flow conditions at the intake entrance. these variations cause the reinforcement of the eddy flow and sedimentation in the bank of the intake. an effective measure to control the entry sediment is the use of submerged vanes. most of previous studies in this regards have been ...

Introduction: The biological denitrification process is an interesting cost-effective technique to remove nitrate from water supplies. Acetic acid can be used as a carbon source in this process, but its consumption rate is a critical issue and, in some cases, it is quite different from stoichiometric constants. The current study aimed to investigate the nitrate removal in an up-flow packed bed ...

The topic of the behaviour jets issuing from an orifice in lateral wall a pipe is interest many engineering fields, such as sea discharges pollutants via submerged pipes, diffusers to mix different fluids tanks and reactors, leakage industrial civil pipelines, etc. Most previous researches focuses on pressure loss across orifice, without taking into account modification internal flow and, most ...

Submerged breakwaters are one of the shore protective structures. Any discontinuity in these breakwaters causes changes on current parameters including speed and water surface profile. In this paper, discontinuous submerged breakwaters were modelled to investigate the changes in the wave and flow pattern.To investigate the phenomenon, three models including a shore with constant slope, a shore ...

Flow induced vibrations are an important concern in the design of nuclear reactors. One of the possible designs of the 4th generation nuclear reactors is a lead-cooled fast reactor of which MYYRHA is a prototype. The combination of high liquid density, flow velocity, low pitch-todiameter ratio and the absence of grid spacers makes this design prone to flow induced vibrations. Although most vibr...

BACKGROUND During strategic planning of a biogas plant, the local availability of resources for start-up and operation should be taken into consideration for a cost-efficient process. Because most bioethanol/sugar industries in Brazil are located in remote areas, the use of fresh cattle manure from local farms could be a solution for the inoculation of the biogas process. This study investigate...

in this paper, the present state of knowledge about axial mixing in gasliquid reactors is reviewed. a brief outline of the methods for measuring residence time distribution(rtd)of various phases in a multiphase reactor is presented. this is followed by a short description of differential and stage-wise models for characterizing back mixing from rtd measurments. backmixing characteristics of som...