We demonstrate full integration of vertical optical ring resonators with silicon nanophotonic waveguides on silicon-on-insulator substrates to accomplish a significant step toward 3D photonic integration. The on-chip integration is realized by rolling up 2D differentially strained TiO(2) nanomembranes into 3D microtube cavities on a nanophotonic microchip. The integration configuration allows f...

This book chapter examines the relationship between the pursuit of a sustainability-focused corporate strategy and the level of vertical integration observed in organizations. The study makes two contributions. First, it develops the theoretical foundation for linking sustainability strategies to organizational structure. Second, it empirically examines the vertical integration level of 144 sus...

It is well known that vertical integration can change the pricing incentive of an upstream producer. However, it has not been noticed that vertical integration may also change the pricing incentive of a downstream producer and the incentive of a competitor in choosing input suppliers. I develop an equilibrium theory of vertical merger that incorporates these additional strategic considerations....

For the past few years, several big companies have taken actions to gain more control over their supply chains. Against the popular trend of outsourcing, they tend to go back to gain a higher level of vertical integration. Just as outsourcing once raised challenges to global management, the revival of vertical integration sure brings benefits as well as new challenges. Motivated by this recent ...

It is well known that vertical integration can change an upstream producer’s incentive to supply the integrated ...rm’s downstream rivals. However, it has not been noticed that vertical integration also changes these rivals’ incentives to choose suppliers. This paper develops an equilibrium theory of vertical merger that incorporates strategic behaviors in the input market of both the integrate...

The present study was designed to investigate the determination of vertical jumping height by means of force plate measurements. Four different sources of error influence this determination: the measurement of body mass, the determination of take off, the integration frequency, and the assessment of the initial conditions influencing the determination of the start of the movement. A theoretical...