background: millions of men and women suffer from infertility worldwide.in many cultures, infertile women are at risk of social and emotional problems.infertility may affect the public health in many countries. domestic violence is the intentional use of physical force, power or threat against oneself, another person or another group or community whichleadstoinjury,death,mentalharm, lackofdevel...

Abstract Spatial analyses focus to a large extent on the ‘bright side of proximity’, namely voluntary (positive-sum) interactions such as, e.g., in trade and innovation. In contrast, violent ‘dark proximity’ has often been overlooked. To address this gap, we study role spatial proximity ethnic conflict, developing structural model violence which groups recruit fighters strategically across spac...

Violence prevention is a growing priority in the field of public health. Public health is a hybrid enterprise, and scholarship in this field lies at the intersection of diverse scientific disciplines. Traditionally, violence research has attracted experts in such areas as sociology, criminology, and psychology (1–13). This confluence of specialties has yielded numerous empirical studies documen...

Background and Objectives: Workplace violence against female nurses is a significant and increasing problem. This study aimed to investigate workplace violence against female nurses in three general hospitals of Ilam located in Western Iran and identify factors influencing it incidents.   Methods: Seventy seven nurses were randomly selected and surveyed. The data were collected using an author...

Policymakers and the public have been concerned about the effects of media violence on children for decades. Scientific psychological research can be an important source of information for policy, as the goal of science is to separate facts from opinions. This article reviews children’s exposure to media violence, describes theories that explain the effects media violence could have, summarizes...

This article explores the violence reduction potential in the intersection between health, criminal justice, and development. It emphasizes public health, rule of law, and equality-driven socioeconomic development as principal concerns in preventing violence. In parts of Latin America, violence has become a serious public health and security problem. Prior studies have explored the risk factors...

Childhood violence is a major public health and social policy concern in the United States. Scientists and policymakers alike have increasingly turned their attention to the causes of childhood violence and the extent to which its course can be modified through well-planned preventive interventions. However, it is not apparent that policymakers draw upon basic research findings in formulating t...

This paper articulates the concept of space and gender using illustrations from the cultural iconography of Hindu Goddesses. The boundary and control of public and private spaces leading to differences in toleration of women within them is discussed. I apply the popular conception of values outlined within Ramayana and Mahabharata texts as they impacted Goddess Sita and Princess Draupadi. I hav...

SIR WILLIAM OSLER, IN HIS FINAL PUBLISHED LECTURE, THE EVOLUtion of Modern Medicine, discussed with great optimism the emergence of preventive medicine. He marveled at the successful public health campaigns against malaria and yellow fever that decreased morbidity and mortality by “up to an order of magnitude”. Since early in the last century, scientific data have correlated clinical illness wi...