In 2020, average wholesale electricity prices in the United States fell to $21/MWh, their lowest level since beginning of 21st century. Low natural gas and proliferation low marginal cost resources like wind solar had already established a trend toward lower prices, this was exacerbated by declining demand due Covid-19 pandemic 2020. Negative real-time hourly occurred about 4% all hours market ...

Annex 7 to pay TV market investigation second consultation This is the non-confidential version. Confidential information has been redacted. Redactions are indicated by [] Annex 7 to pay TV second consultation – market power Contents Section Page 1 Introduction 1 2 Market power in the wholesale supply of Core Premium Sports channels 7 3 Market power in the wholesale supply of Core Premium Movie...

W incorporate the concept of fairness in a conventional dyadic channel to investigate how fairness may affect channel coordination. We show that when channel members are concerned about fairness, the manufacturer can use a simple wholesale price above her marginal cost to coordinate this channel both in terms of achieving the maximum channel profit and in terms of attaining the maximum channel ...

Over the last few years electricity markets are going through liberalization and modernization processes, which have resulted in introduction of smart grids. The Power Trading Agent Competition (Power TAC) is a simulation platform for evaluating trading strategies for the smart grid electricity markets: the tariff and the wholesale market. This paper gives an outline of our proposed strategies ...

The Monthly Wholesale and Retail Trade Survey (MWRTS) is one of the mission critical surveys conducted by Statistics Canada (SC). It collects monthly retail and wholesale sales and inventories at the industrial and geographical levels. On a valueadded basis, these two industries constitute approximately 12% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It uses the same sample month after month with the ...

In recent years, a number of mergers have occurred in the petroleum industry involving upstream firms that are imperfectly integrated into retail markets. In order to empirically evaluate the competitive effects of such mergers, this paper proposes a structural model of supply and demand that reflects divisions between upstream producers and downstream retailers. Neither downstream costs includ...