the different uses and meanings of “rā” have been repeatedly discussed in grammatical books and articles. some of grammarians know it as an indicator and some others know it as a preposition. there have been brought some other meanings for it in traditional grammar books such as: allocation, assistance, argument, description, agreement and concordance. seven uses of “rā” would be analyzed in pr...

Differential Object Marking (DOM) is a prevalent phenomenon in the world’s languages in which the case marking of the object NP is determined by certain semantic factors. Notions such as “animacy”, “definiteness”, “specificity”, and “topicality” are often invoked to explain the semantic contribution of the case marker in languages with DOM. In this paper, I investigate the semantic contribution...

the semantic network of the preposition 'ba' in persian: a cognitive study as one of the widely used prepositions in persian, 'ba' (i.e. with) may also function as an adjective particle or affix. this paper studies various meanings of preposition 'ba' within a cognitive lexical semantics framework. it aims to show that the various meanings of this preposition do not emerge randomly. drawing the...

Persian has a case system whereby specific direct objects are marked with the enclitic را =rā. However, spoken language presents greater degree of flexibility regard to =rā marking, espe ...

In the course of The Preposition Project, FrameNet sentences are used as instances to characteize preposition behavior. FrameNet sentences containing prepositional phrases beginning with a given preposition are presented to a lexicographer, whereupon the given preposition is tagged with a sense from a sense inventory derived from the Oxford Dictionary of English. For the 34 prepositions used in...

This paper describes the Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) error correction system in the Helping Our Own (HOO) 2012 Shared Task. Our system targets preposition and determiner errors with spelling correction as a pre-processing step. The result shows that spelling correction improves the Detection, Correction, and Recognition Fscores for preposition errors. With regard to preposi...

This paper addresses vector space models of prepositions, a notoriously ambiguous word class. We propose a rank-based distance measure to explore the vector-spatial properties of the ambiguous objects, focusing on two research tasks: (i) to distinguish polysemous from monosemous prepositions in vector space; and (ii) to determine salient vector-space features for a classification of preposition...