Background Mycophenolic acid (MPA) concentration measured by homogeneous particle-enhanced turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay (PETINA) may be overestimated due to its cross-reactivity with pharmacologically inactive MPA glucuronide (MPAG), as well as other minor metabolites, accumulated with renal function impairment or co-administered cyclosporine A. In contrast, high-performance liquid chro...

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and acetazolamide (ACET) are two ventilatory stimulants which are used in hypoxic and hypercapnic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In a double-blind randomised study, the effects of a 2-week treatment with MPA (30 mg b.i.d.) or ACET (250 mg b.i.d.), followed by a 2-week treatment with a combination of both drugs (MPA/ACET), on daytime...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of mycophenolic acid (MPA) on the proliferation of rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) and on the secretion of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by these cells. METHODS Rat PMVECs were treated with five different final concentrations of MPA (0, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μM). The fetal bovine serum-induced proliferation of the PMVECs w...

Germination of Bacillus spores with a high pressure (HP) of ∼150 MPa is via activation of spores' germinant receptors (GRs). The HP germination of multiple individual Bacillus subtilis spores in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) was monitored with phase-contrast microscopy. Major conclusions were that (i) >95% of wild-type spores germinated in 40 min in a DAC at ∼150 MPa and 37°C but individual spores...

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is widely known for its use in combination hormone therapy for postmenopausal women. However, MPA is also commonly used in young women for contraception and treatment of a number of gynecological conditions. Despite its widespread use, the cardiovascular effects of MPA in young women are unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the acute e...

OBJECTIVE To compare different surface treatments of lithium disilicate-based ceramic on bond strengths to composite. METHODS Lithium disilicate-based ceramic microbars (1 mm × 1 mm × 6 mm) were produced and abraded using diamond (D) or CoJet sandblasting (C), etched using phosphoric acid (P) or hydrofluoric acid (H) and silanised (S). A total of 12 surface treatments were adopted: D, DP, DH,...

This document updates RFC 5043 and RFC 5044 by extending Marker Protocol Data Unit (PDU) Aligned Framing (MPA) negotiation for Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) connection establishment. The first enhancement extends RFC 5044, enabling peer-to-peer connection establishment over MPA / Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). The second enhancement extends both RFC 5043 and RFC 5044, by providing an...

Music performance anxiety (MPA) is reported in musicians of all experience, levels, and genre. However, solo classical musicians report MPA more often and at higher levels than performers in other genres because of its formal culture and traditional structure. Within solo classical musicians, collegiate training greatly differs between conservatories that award a Bachelor of Music (B.M.) and li...