Polyak et al. (Reports, 7 March 2008, p. 1377) reported speleothem data leading to their inference that the western Grand Canyon incised much earlier than previously thought. This contradicts several lines of published geological knowledge in the region, hinges upon unjustified hydrogeological assumptions, and is based on two anomalous data points for which we offer alternative explanations.

Heath, T. D., Macher, B. A. & Papahadjopoulos, D. (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Actu 640, 66-81 Heath, T. D., Montgomery, J. A., Piper, J. R. & Papahadjopoulos, D. (1983) Proc. Narl. Acud. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 1377-1381 Heath, T. D., Fraley, R. T., Bentz, J., Voss, E. W. Jr., Herron, J. & Papahadjopoulos, D. (1984) Biochim. Biophys. Actu in the press Heltranu, C., Simionescu, M. & Simionescu, N. (1982) J...

In this paper we report for the first time the results of histology of the golden loach (S. baltica) gonads (25 females and 8 males) and absolute fecundity of females from the Bug River during the reproductive season. The golden loach has an asynchronous ovary and spawns in batches. The absolute fecundity of the golden loach ranged from 1507 to 7220 eggs (3050±1377). We hypothesize that the gol...

The recent modifications that Legislative Decree No. 1377 has brought and its effect on institutions as well the modalities in which compliance with food institution is sought leads us to analyze again viability of regulation respective regulations also way they have been applied national reality. Only an adequate rethinking will it create desired by creators society role played State..