Amelogenin (AMELX) is the main component of the developing tooth enamel matrix and is essential for enamel thickness and structure. However, little is known about its transcriptional regulation. Using gene expression analysis, we found that MIZ-1, a potent transcriptional activator of CDKN1A, is expressed during odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs (human dental pulp stem cells), and is esse...

Regenerative dental therapies for bone tissues rely on efficient targeting of endogenous and transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to guide bone formation. Amelogenin is the primary component of Emdogain, which is used to regenerate periodontal defects; however, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects on alveolar bone remain unclear. The tetracycline (Tet)-dependent transcription...

In order to have a good perspective of wild animals, it is necessary to determine their population and genetic structure. It provides an opportunity to decide on better conservation managements. In the wilderness, due to the escapable nature and sometimes not having the distinguishable bisexual appearance, sex identification could be difficult by observing animals. The X- and Y- chromosome link...

Research on enamel matrix proteins (EMPs) is centered on understanding their role in enamel biomineralization and their bioactivity for tissue engineering. While therapeutic application of EMPs has been widely documented, their expression and biological function in non-enamel tissues is unclear. Our first aim was to screen for amelogenin (AMELX) and ameloblastin (AMBN) gene expression in mandib...

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of inherited conditions featuring isolated enamel malformations. About 5% of AI cases show an X-linked pattern of inheritance, which are caused by mutations in AMELX. In humans there are two, non-allelic amelogenin genes: AMELX (Xp22.3) and AMELY (Yp11.2). About 90% of amelogenin expression is from AMELX, which is nested within intron 1 of the gene encodi...

BACKGROUND Amelogenin is required for normal enamel formation and is the most abundant protein in developing enamel. METHODS Amelx+/+, Amelx+/- , and Amelx-/- molars and incisors from C57BL/6 mice were characterized using RT-PCR, Western blotting, dissecting and light microscopy, immunohistochemistry (IHC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), backscatte...

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) represents hereditary conditions affecting the quality and quantity of enamel. Six genes are known to cause AI (AMELX, ENAM, MMP20, KLK4, FAM83H, and WDR72). Our aim was to determine the distribution of different gene mutations in a large AI population and evaluate phenotype-genotype relationships. Affected and unaffected family members were evaluated clinically and...

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) describes a broad group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous inherited defects of dental enamel bio-mineralization. Despite identification of a number of genetic mutations underlying AI, the precise causal mechanisms have yet to be determined. Using a multi-disciplinary approach, we describe here a mis-sense mutation in the mouse Amelx gene resulting in a Y -...

Mutations in human and in mouse orthologous genes Amelx and Enam result in a diverse range of enamel defects. In this study we aimed to investigate the phenotype-genotype correlation between the mutants and the wild-type controls in mouse models of amelogenesis imperfecta using novel measurement approaches. Ten hemi-mandibles and incisors were dissected from each group of Amelx(WT), Amelx(X/Y64...

Dental decay is a disease that is greatly affected by environmental components, but recently there have been an increasing number of documents supporting a genetic factor in the development of caries. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between dental caries and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the AMELX gene. This research was carried out on 360 individuals of both sexes...