Background: Considering that some vital organs exist in the head and neck region, the treatment of tumors in this area is a crucial task. The existence of air cavities, namely sinuses, disrupt the radiotherapy dose distribution. The study aims to analyze the effect of maxillary, frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses on radiotherapy dose distribution by Monte Carlo method.Materials and Methods: ...

The genus Cyperus with five subgenus and 29 species, is the second largest genus of Cyperaceae family in flora of Iran. In this research, stem and leaf anatomy of 10 species belonging to subgenus Cyperus is investigated. The stems in transverse section of all examined species were triangular except for C. bulbosus which was subterete to polygonal. The ground tissue was spongy with numerous and ...

The unique emission properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes are attractive for achieving increased functionality in integrated photonics. In addition to being room-temperature telecom-band emitters that can be directly grown on silicon, they are ideal for coupling to nanoscale photonic structures. Here we report on high-efficiency coupling of individual air-suspended carbon nanotubes to si...

Photonic crystal nanobeam cavities are versatile platforms of interest for optical communications, optomechanics, optofluidics, cavity QED, etc. In a previous work [Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 203102 (2010)], we proposed a deterministic method to achieve ultrahigh Q cavities. This follow-up work provides systematic analysis and verifications of the deterministic design recipe and further extends the ...

OBJECTIVE To assess microleakage in conservative class V cavities prepared with aluminum-oxide air abrasion or turbine and restored with self-etching or etch-and-rinse adhesive systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty premolars were randomly assigned to 4 groups (I and II: air abrasion; III and IV: turbine) and class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces. Conditioning approaches were: g...

An 85-year-old man with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer was hospitalized because of seizures. Brain computed tomography (CT) scan showed air densities in the branches of left middle cerebral artery (Picture 1A), and diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple high-intensity signals in the both cerebral hemispheres (Picture 1B). Chest contrast-enhanced CT scan indicated a ...

We present an optofluidic chip with integrated polymer interferometers for measuring both the microfluidic air pressure and flow rate. The chip contains a microfluidic circuit and optical cavities on a polymer which was defined by soft lithography. The pressure can be read out by imaging the interference patterns of the cavities. The air flow rate was then calculated from the differential press...

The primary objectives of this study are to investigate the interference ground penetrating radar (GPR) signals with air-cavities behind concrete linings subjected three experimental parameters (GPR antenna frequency, thickness lining, and air-cavities), their effects on evaluation important engineering (thickness concrete, length air-cavities) for tunnel structure inspection using GPR. For the...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS On the basis of clinical observations, the shape of the osseous external auditory canal (OEAC) has often been seen as an etiological factor in troublesome cavities after modified radical mastoidectomy. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis of CT scans. METHODS To assess the role of the shape of the OEAC in troublesome modified radical cavities using computed tomographic ...

Cetaceans are neckless, so the trachea is very short. The upper respiratory tract is separate from the mouth and pharynx, and the dorsal blowhole connects, via the vestibular and nasopalatine cavities, directly to the larynx. Toothed cetaceans (Odontoceti) are capable of producing sounds at depth, either for locating prey or for communication. It has been suggested that during dives, air from t...