To evaluate the importance of the conformation of amphetamine in eliciting its various central nervous system effects, the conformationally defined analogs of amphetamine. In this series of isomeric amines, the exo-2 and anti-9 isomers resemble the fully extended conformation of amphetamine, whereas the endo-2 and syn-9 isomers resemble the folded conformation. The exo-2 and anti-9 isomers were...

Objective(s): The effects of low dose amphetamine on oxidative stress and rotenone-induced neurotoxicity and liver injury were examined in vivo in a mice model of Parkinson’s disease. Materials and Methods: Male mice were treated with rotenone (1.5 mg/kg, every other day for two weeks, subcutaneously). Mice received either the vehicle or...

Amphetamineanalogs have emerged as popular recreational drugs of abuse. The number of reports of these substances producing severe acute toxicity and death is increasing. In 'Ecstasy' -associated deaths, focal necrosis in the liver and individual myocytic necrosis has been reported. Furthermore, serotonergic and dopaminergic neuronal cell damage has been observed in experimental amphetamine int...

The potential utility of Ca2+ channel blockers in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders has been recently suggested. In the present study, the behavioural and anti-psychotic effects of Ca2+ channel blockers were investigated in unrestrained rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) living together in a colony. The different behaviours categorised as social, solitary and abnormal were video recor...

Repeated, intermittent treatment of rats with amphetamine results in a sensitization of locomotor and stereotyped behaviors that is accompanied by an enhancement in stimulus-induced dopamine release. Increased phosphorylation of the neural specific calmodulin-binding protein, neuromodulin (GAP-43, B-50, F1) has been demonstrated in other forms of synaptic plasticity and plays a role in neurotra...

Administration of apomorphine and amphetamine induces climbing behavior in mice due to stimulation of brain dopamine receptors. In the present study, the effects of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on amphetamine-induced climbing have been investigated. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of different doses of amphetamine (2,4 and 8 mglkg) induced climbing in mice (p<O.OOO 1). The u2- ad...

background increased prevalent use of methamphetamine is a global public challenge. information on drug use can be helpful in preventing high-risk behavior related to drug abuse. objectives this study aims to investigate the sexual function changes related to methamphetamine use in the male clients of public and private addiction treatment centers. patients and methods in this qualitative study...