Bimolecular charge carrier recombination has been clarified in bulk-heterojunction solar cells based on a blend of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)propyl-1-phenyl-[6,6]-methanofullerene using the time-of-flight method. We show how bimolecular recombination influences the charge carrier transport, how it limits the efficiency of low-mobility solar cells, and how to e...

In this paper, ab initio calculations were performed on the ternary complex formed by HB(CO)2, XCN (X = Cl, Br) and YF (Y = Li, H, Cl). In these complexes boron act as a non-classical electron donor to form a unconventional halogen bond. The cooperative effect between the B•••X halogen bond and lithium/hydrogen/halogen bond was investigated. The calculated results show that the B•••X and N•••Y ...

reaction mechanism among indoline-2,3-dione, pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid and (z)-2-(1-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)ethylidene)hydroxycarboxamide to form 1’-((((aminooxy)carbonyl)amino)methyl)-2’-(1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-2’-methyl-1’,2’,5’,6’,7’,7a’-hexahydrospiro[indoline-3,3’-pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazole-2-one was investigated using density functional theory (dft) at b3lyp basis theory. the three-...