results all the frames that were examined leaded to significant framing effects: when the asia disease problem was described in a positive frame, the participants preferred the conservative frame than the risky one, while if in a negative frame, the preference reversed (p < 0.01). if the drug effect was described as “of 100 patients taking this kind of medicine, 70 patients became better”, peop...

Levin, Schneider and Gaeth (1998) identified three distinct types of framing effects in the literature: attribute-framing effects, goal-framing effects, risky choice-framing effects. While most previous framing studies used between-subjects manipulations of frame, the present study used two sessions, spaced one week apart, to give each of 102 participants both framing conditions and all three t...

this work concerns the situations in which the framing effects emerge. this has not been an established feature in different studies, so the reasons for its variations have been the subject of various studies since 1980s. present study aimed to determine the variables affecting the feature as well as to address the controversies exist on how these variables affect it. 551 students from engineer...

Background A growing body of public management literature sheds light on potential shortcomings to quality improvement (QI) and performance management efforts. These challenges stem from heuristics individuals use when interpreting data. Evidence from studies of citizens suggests that individuals’ evaluation of data is influenced by the linguistic framing or context of that information an...

Framing scholarship on policy issues has primarily focused on how competitive message environments alter framing effects or how individual differences moderate the impact of frames. This study combines both of these focal areas by examining how individual open/closed-mindedness moderates framing effects about climate change within competitive and noncompetitive framing contexts. Contrary to pre...

Social scientists have documented framing effects in a wide range of contexts, including surveys, experiments, and actual political campaigns. Many view work on framing effects as evidence of citizen incompetence—that is, evidence that citizens base their preferences on arbitrary information and/or are subject to extensive elite manipulation. Yet, we continue to lack a consensus on what a frami...

Issue frames in policy discourse and news reporting regularly influence citizens’ political opinions. Yet, we only have a limited understanding of how and among whom these framing effects occur. I propose a dual-process model of issue framing effects arguing that we must understand mediators of framing (the how question) in connection with individual-level moderators of framing (the whom questi...

Drawing on narrative theory and the notion of framing, this paper focused on the translated material from the Islamic Republic of Iran‟s media outlets in the website of the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) to explore how this institute constructed its desired narratives about Iran in the context of the current tensions between Iran and the U.S. In so ...

The subconscious influence of framing on perceptions of political issues is well-document in political science and communication research. A related line of work suggests that drawing attention to framing may help reduce such framing effects by enabling frame reflection, critical examination of the framing underlying an issue. However, definite guidance on how to identify framing does not exist...

A framing bias shows risk aversion in problems framed as "gains" and risk seeking in problems framed as "losses," even when these are objectively equivalent and probabilities and outcomes values are explicitly provided. We test this framing bias in situations where decision makers rely on their own experience, sampling the problem's options (safe and risky) and seeing the outcomes before making...