The aim of this study is to investigate the problems caused by discharge of polluted air from tunnels into the environment with a specific focus on residential areas. In city tunnels, portal or stacks, pollutant management is a big challenge. Nowadays, air quality management, particularly in urban tunnels, is considered as a part of the ventilation system design. The goal is to see the environm...

The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family is a group of neurotrophic factors with diverse biological functions. Members of the GDNF family exert their functions by interacting with a specific GDNF family receptor alpha (GFRalpha) and activation of the cRET. Here we report the identification and characterization of GDNF receptor-alpha-like (GRAL) gene. Sequence analysis indic...

This paper gives a closed approach to modeling and implementation with graphs. This approach uses extended entity relationship (EER) diagrams complemented with the Z-like constraint language GRAL. Due to the foundation of EER/GRAL on Z a common formal basis exists. EER/GRAL descriptions give conceptual models which can be implemented in a seamless manner by e cient data structures using the Gra...

This paper gives a cohesive approach to modeling and implementation with graphs. This approach uses extended entity relationship (EER) diagrams supplemented with the Z-like constraint language GRAL. Due to the foundation of EER/GRAL on Z a common formal basis exists. EER/GRAL descriptions give conceptual models which can be implemented in a seamless manner by eecient data structures using the G...

the purpose of this paper is to investigate the egm method and the behavior of a solid particle suspended in a twodimensional rectangular cavity due to conjugate natural convection. a thermal lattice boltzmann bgk model is implemented to simulate the two dimensional natural convection and the particle phase was modeled using the lagrangian–lagrangian approach where the solid particles are treat...

Cet article expose la conception de l’enseignement rhétorique à l’École Bruxelles. Il explique l’origine démarche dans pensée Perelman. montre ensuite comment l’équipe du GRAL a retrouvé des exercices par les sophistes. propose une réflexion épistémologique pour montrer spécificité cet enseignement. termine enfin l’exposé d’un exercice délibération conçu et animé membres GRAL.

Gernot Beer, Benjamin Marussig, Jürgen Zechner , Christian Dünser and Thomas-Peter Fries 1 Emeritus professor , TU Graz, Lessingstrasse 25, Graz, Austria and conjoint professor Centre for Geotechnical and Materials Modeling, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia, [email protected] 2 PhD Student, TU Graz , Lessingstrasse 25, Graz, Austria [email protected] 3 Postdoc, TU Graz , Lessi...

About a decade after the initial proposal to use model checkers for the generation of test cases we take a look at the achievements in this field of research. Model checkers are formal verification tools, capable of providing counterexamples to violated properties. Normally, these counterexamples are meant to guide an analyst when searching for the root cause of a property violation. They are, ...