Background Military conflict has been an ongoing determinant of inequitable immunisation coverage in many low- and middle-income countries, yet the impact of conflict on the attainment of global health goals has not been fully addressed. This review will describe and analyse the association between conflict, immunisation coverage and vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) outbreaks, along with...

background: leishmaniasis is a worldwide disease prevalent in tropical and sub tropical coun­tries. many attempts have been made and different strategies have been approached to develop a potent vaccine against leishmania . dna immunisation is a method, which is shown to be effec­tive in leishmania vaccination. leishmania soluble antigen (sla) has also recently been used leishmania vaccination....

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a severe bacterial infectious disease with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. In recent years, industrialised countries have implemented vaccines targeting IMD in their National Immunisation Programmes (NIPs). In 2002, the Netherlands successfully implemented a single dose of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine at the age of 14 months a...

invasive meningococcal disease (imd) is a severe bacterial infectious disease with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. in recent years, industrialised countries have implemented vaccines targeting imd in their national immunisation programmes (nips). in 2002, the netherlands successfully implemented a single dose of meningococcal serogroup c conjugate vaccine at the age of 14 months a...

INTRODUCTION In Australia, adult immunisation coverage is primarily monitored via periodic telephone surveys that rely on self-reported immunisation status. All Australian residents are eligible for Medicare, so we examined the feasibility of using immunisation-specific Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) item numbers to monitor and estimate adult influenza immunisation coverage. METHODS Baselin...

Immunisation coverage reporting using data from the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register is likely to underestimate immunisation uptake. Since 1997, several initiatives have been introduced to improve both immunisation uptake and notification of immunisation encounters. These initiatives seemed likely to have changed previous coverage estimates. Re-calculation of immunisation coverage est...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Immunisation uptake in Australian older adults is suboptimal. General practice registrars are responsible for a significant proportion of immunisations this age group and also the process developing patterns practice. Despite their role, little known about general registrars' attitudes towards immunisation adults, barriers faced, role supervisors play adult skills. ME...

BACKGROUND Infant immunisation is an effective public health intervention to reduce the morbidity and mortality of vaccine preventable diseases. However, some developing countries fail to achieve desirable vaccination coverage; Afghanistan is one such country. The present study was performed to evaluate the progress and variation in infant immunisation coverage by district and region in Afghani...

BACKGROUND Immunisation coverage in New Zealand is lower than what is necessary to prevent large epidemics of pertussis. Primary care is where most immunisation delivery occurs. General practices vary in their structure and organisation, both in a general sense and specifically with respect to immunisation delivery. AIM To identify the structural and organisational characteristics of general ...

AIM In a region with high rates of immunisation refusal, we examine whether refusing an immunisation at 6 weeks (the first scheduled immunisation) predicts the pattern for subsequent scheduled immunisations, and the characteristics of those who declined these immunisations. METHOD We used data from the National Immunisation Register to identify 11,972 children born between 1 January 2009 and ...