Inappropriate water governance, which has been known as a variable to explain the water crisis in many parts of the world, needs to examine the institutional structures and required reforms. In the present study, the effectiveness and possibility of applying of five rural local organizations, as intermediate organizations for water resources protection in Anar and Rafsanjan areas, Kerman provin...

Economic., technological and social changes compel organizations to adapt themselves to the new environment to survive and prosper. This is true of large as well as small organizations. Both find that, often, their size hinders them from achieving their goals. AS a result, a new form of organization, intermediate organization, emerges. The paper illustrates the new mode by citing a few cases of...

in today’s competitive world, customers are at the main focus of organizations and the customer loyalty is the main reason of acquiring competitive advantage of organizations. the aim of present research is to investigate the relationship between customer loyalty and one of its key variables, service quality. trust and satisfaction have been investigated here as intermediate variables. this res...

This study explores the system of intermediate organizations in Dutch health care as the crucial system to understand health care policy-making in the Netherlands. We argue that the Dutch health care system can be understood as a system consisting of distinct but inter-related policy domains. In this study, we analyze four such policy domains: Finances, quality of care, manpower planning and ph...

Background. The sports industry plays an important role in the progress of the economy in developed countries. The role of technology is remarkable in the enhancement of the economy. Objectives. The present study investigates the effects of technology spillover on the economic growth of Iran’s sports industry through the import of intermediate and capital goods for the period from 1...

BACKGROUND In 2003, the Monterey County Health Department, serving Salinas, California, was awarded one of 12 grants from the Steps to a HealthierUS Program to implement a 5-year, multiple-intervention community approach to reduce diabetes, asthma, and obesity. National adult and youth surveys to assess long-term outcomes are required by all Steps sites; however, site-specific surveys to assess...

While community collaboratives have emerged as a prominent vehicle for fostering a more coordinated community response to complex issues, research to date suggests that the success of these efforts at achieving community/population-level improvements is mixed. As a result, researchers and practitioners are increasing their focus on the intermediate outcomes accomplished by these entities. The p...

Fiedler's contingency model suggests that task-oriented leaders are more effective where the leadership situation is either very favorable or very unfavorable and that relations-oriented leaders are more effective in situations of intermediate favorability. This model was tested among supervisors in both interacting and coacting groups in two organizations Results in the hypothesized direction ...