objective: various approaches have been offered for resolution of pain resulting from spinal cord injuries. one approach is the use of herbal and natural products. in the present research, as a preliminary study, we investigate the effect of crocin on chronic pain induced by contusion in the rat spinal cord (sci). methods: we randomly divided female wistar rats into five groups. groups i and ii...

structural steel sections are mainly used in beams and columns of building frames. iran national steel industrialgroup is among the oldest and largest producers of beams in iran. it has two beam production lines, namely line630 and line 650. in this study, the mechanical properties of manufactured beams in these production lines werecompared. based on the t-test results, the elongation is signi...

due to the existence of fibrous materials such as plastic fragments, the strength anisotropy of municipal solid waste (msw) materials is the main source of differences between their mechanical response in direct shear and triaxial apparatus. as an extension of earlier research on the mechanical behavior of msw using a large traixail apparatus, results presented in shariatmadari et al. [1] and k...

The problem: The standard Hamblin/Karttunen semantics for Polar Questions (PolQ), (1a), and alternative questions composed of two polar alternatives (AltQ∨N), (1b), induces equivalent partitions: (1a-i) and (1b-i) (the canonical intonation is as indicated ([7, 5])). (1) a. Are you making pasta L * H-H% ? (final raising) [PolQ] i. (1a)(w 0)= λq[q = λw.make(pasta, you, w) ∨q = λw.¬make(pasta, you...