in western countries we assist at the paradox that fertility is socially discouraged by a mindset that depicts fertility as a resource to exploit as late as possible. so, couples have high expectative about the advantages of delayed parenthood, but they are scarcely informed about its risks. scientific data suggests to anticipate the first pregnancy, but social pressures impose to wait, though ...

background substance abuse during pregnancy leads to considerable adverse effects in mothers and their infants. objectives the purpose of this study was to evaluate perinatal complications in opium-addicted mothers and their newborns, exposed to opium in utero. patients and methods during a one-year period (2008 - 2009), 45 opium-addicted mothers and their newborns were enrolled in a case-contr...

This research was designed to study sexual differences in place conditioning induced by morphine in offspring born of female Wistar rats mated with drug-naïve males. Mothers were exposed to morphine during the 14th-16th days of gestational. Control dams were simply saline-injected. Female and male virgin offspring born of morphine-treated or saline-treated mothers were separately housed until b...

Are acquired characteristics inherited? We admit that individuals inherit a certain constitution, and that definite variations from this constitution are acquired during life-time, according to well-known laws. The question is: Are these definite acquired variations in any degree transmitted, or are the congenital variations in the constitution of the offspring independent of those which have b...

During the course of a day an individual typically mixes with different groups of individuals. Epidemic models incorporating population structure with individuals being able to infect different groups of individuals have received extensive attention in the literature. However, almost exclusively the models assume that individuals are able to simultaneously infect members of all groups, whereas ...

Background and Objective: It is conceivable that caffeine consumption would induce gonadal changes. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of embryonic caffeine exposure on rat testis and prostate. Materials and Methods: Female rats were divided into (n=7): A control, only received drinking water. B and C groups received caffeine low dose (26 mg/kg) and high dose (45 mg/kg) respectively...

this research was designed to study sexual differences in place conditioning induced by morphine in offspring born of female wistar rats mated with drug-naïve males. mothers were exposed to morphine during the 14th-16th days of gestational. control dams were simply saline-injected. female and male virgin offspring born of morphine-treated or saline-treated mothers were separately housed until b...

background: post traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) in war veterans has been linked with symptoms in their children, including symptoms resembling those of the traumatized parents, especially aggression. this study aims to examine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy in reducing aggressive behaviors of male adolescents whose fathers have war related ptsd. method: 36 male childr...