background: according to age, history and physical examination findings, there are different diagnoses including anatomic lesions for abnormal uterine bleeding (aub). in these conditions, hysteroscopy can be performed as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. objective: the aim of this study was defining the diagnostic value of hysteroscopy in evaluating uterine cavity in patients with aub com...

background: linear endoscopic ultrasonography (eus) is a proven modality for the diagnosis and treatment of different gastrointestinal lesions. the aim of this study was to describe the role of eus-fna in the evaluation of pancreatic and submucosal lesions. materials and methods: over a 1-year period, in a prospective descriptive study, patients referred to naft hospital, underwent linear eus. ...

Benign Gastric tumors are rare and generally account for less than 10% of all stomach tumors. Gastric lipoma is a rare tumor that constitutes approximately 3% of all benign tumors of the stomach and mainly is seen as a submucosal mass. Most gastric lipoma are asymptomatic and are found accidentally. Occasionally they can cause symptoms such as gastrointestinal bleeding, obstruction, abdominal p...

During ESD, the submucosal layer beneath the tumor was visually confirmed and dissected, and the tumor was completely resected and no adverse events were reported (Figure 2a and 2b). Figure 2: 2a: The submucosal layer beneath the tumor is dissected during endoscopic submucosal dissection, under direct vision. 2b: The submucosal layer beneath the tumor completely resected during endoscopic submu...

PURPOSE Gastric mucosal neoplastic lesions should have characteristic endoscopic features for successful endoscopic submucosal dissection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Out of the 1,010 endoscopic submucosal dissection, we enrolled 62 patients that had the procedure cancelled. Retrospectively, whether the reasons for cancelling the endoscopic submucosal dissection were consistent with the indications...

Difficulties in the preoperative diagnosis of gastrointestinal submucosal tumors by endoscopic ultrasonography and errors of tissue sampling may make invasive surgery [1] or endoscopic resection [2] inappropriate for their removal. Better methods of diagnosing submucosal tumors are therefore needed. We have found that bloc biopsy and use of the submucosal endoscopy with a mucosal flap (SEMF) me...

Submucosal glands are abundant (approximately 1 gland/mm2) secretory structures in the tracheobronchial airways of the human lung. Because submucosal glands express antibacterial proteins, it has been proposed that they contribute to lung defense. However, this concept is challenged by the fact that mice do not have submucosal glands in their bronchial airways, yet are quite resistant to bacter...

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) have provided new alternatives for minimally invasive treatment of gastrointestinal adenomas and early-stage cancers that involve a minimum risk of lymph-node metastasis. The use of submucosal injections is essential to the success of these endoscopic resection techniques. The "ideal" submucosal injection solution sho...

lipomas are rare gastric tumors that comprise less than 1% of gastric tumors. these tumors are usually without clinical manifestations, but sometimes they may present with severe symptoms like bleeding,intussusception, or abdominal pain. in endoscopic assessment, they manifest with subm ucosal masses with intact epithelium. endosonography and ct scan can help in diagnosis. surgical resection of...