The reliability of distribution networks is inherently low due to their radial nature, consequently distribution companies (DisCos) usually seek to improve the system reliability indices with the minimum possible investment cost. This can be known as system-oriented reliability planning (SORP). However, there can exist some customers that are not satisfied by their reliability determined by ado...

this paper presents an application of benders decomposition to deal with the complexities in the simultaneous generation expansion planning (gep) and transmission expansion planning (tep). unlike the power system operation fields of study, the power system planning methods are not expected to be fast. however, it is always preferable to speed up computations to provide more analysis options for...

configuration of urban land use arrangement system, how to divide and how to use urban lands are advantages of environmental, economic, social, politic and rightly forces. with extension of urbanization and development of urban and regional planning, this concept is more widely hold a special place in the form of projects such as: land preparation, framework planning, general and comprehensive,...

In the past, electrical transmission systems were continuously adding more facilities to their subsystems in order to satisfy the growing customer energy requirements. A utility industry traditionally has relied on a set of deterministic criteria to guide transmission planning. The traditional planning guidelines were based on planner's experience and intuition without a formal and consistent f...

In the present scenario, software industries are facing lots of challenges and difficulties for software reliability. Test and measurement can be considered as reliable if they are producing same results over repeated time of quality testing. Software reliability acts an important role in the development of software in Software Development Life Cycle. There are so many factors and issues in SDL...

This article examines the role of management in business processes in relation to the process-oriented organization and strategy formation as a formal process (strategic planning). A questionnaire designed to measure these variables after the validity and reliability among a sample of 183 managers, officials and experts in working systems, information technology and strategic planning in major ...