n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA)-enriched phosphatidylcholine (PC) was successfully produced with fatty acid from fish oil and PC from soybean by immobilized phospholipase A1-catalyzed acidolysis. Detailed studies of immobilization were carried out, and Lewatit VP OC 1600 was selected as a carrier for preparation of immobilized phospholipase A1, which was used for modification of PC b...

TiO2 visible light catalysts with different crystalline phases and morphologies were synthesized from titanium-bearing electric arc furnace molten slag (Ti-bearing EAF slag) by using a simple acidolysis process. The effects of the pH of the HCl solution, liquid to solid ratio (RL/S, HCl solution to the residue ratio, mL/g) and acidolysis time on the micro-morphology and crystalline phase of as-...

A simplified procedure for the identification and measurement of single-ring aromatic products of lignin acidolysis is described. The procedure employed a 6-h hydrolysis of spruce milled wood lignin in acidic dioxane at 87 degrees C, followed by a series of organic extractions to recover acidolysis products which were quantified by gas chromatography of trimethylsilyl derivatives. Complex gel p...

Detailed kinetic modelling of metal triflate catalyzed diol-stabilized acidolysis that leads to a clearer vision involved intermediates and pathways.

The rearrangement of alpha- and beta-pinene was studied under microwave irradiation in near-critical water and supercritical lower aliphatic alcohols, with the aim of identifying the pathway of alpha- and beta-pinene isomerization. Generally, two pathways occur, pyrolysis on the one and acidolysis on the other hand, whereby acidolysis is predominant in the case of near-critical water and the se...

Accumulation of "lignin-like" material (L-LM) by plant tissues in response to injury or disease has been observed in a wide variety of plant taxa. The most intensively studied L-LM is that produced by members of the Cucurbitaceae; this material is thought to be an unusual lignin rich in p-coumaryl alcohol derived subunits. Employing acidolysis we found the primary degradation product of L-LM fr...

Ten kinds of lipases were examined as biocatalysts for the incorporation of short-chain fatty acids (acetic, propionic, and butyric acids) into triolein in order to produce one kind of reduced-calorie structured lipids. Trans-esterification (acidolysis) was successfully done in n-hexane by several microbial lipases. Among them, lipase from Aspergillus oryzae was used to investigate the effects ...

Structured lipids (SLs) containing palmitic, oleic, stearic, and linoleic acids, resembling human milk fat (HMF), were synthesized by enzymatic acidolysis reactions between tripalmitin, hazelnut oil fatty acids, and stearic acid. Commercially immobilized sn-1,3-specific lipase, Lipozyme RM IM, obtained from Rhizomucor miehei was used as the biocatalyst for the enzymatic acidolysis reactions. Th...

Rapid and high yielding synthesis of medium ring lactams was made possible through the use of a benzoylurea auxiliary that serves to stabilize a cisoid amide conformation, facilitating cyclization. The auxiliary is released after activation under the mild conditions required to deprotect a primary amine, such as acidolysis of a Boc group in the examples given here. This methodology is a promisi...