Background. Antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) drugs have been applied for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment; however, patients having anti-drug antibodies (ADAbs) do not benefit from these drugs. The meta-analysis aims to comprehensively assess the relationship between ADAb positive (ADAb+) and anti-TNF response in RA patients. Methods. Observational studies comparing different clinical re...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between (1) antidrug antibody (ADAb) and therapeutic response, (2) ADAb and serum drug trough levels and (3) serum drug levels and therapeutic responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients receiving adalimumab or etanercept. Secondarily, we aim (1) to evaluate the concordance between radioimmunoassay and bridging ELISA for ADAb assessment and to evaluate...

To clarify the pharmacological characteristics of Nalpha-amidino-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-betaAla-OH (ADAB) and Nalpha-amidino-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-MebetaAla-OH (ADAMB), mu1-opioid receptor-selective [D-Arg2]dermorphin tetrapeptide analogs, the plasma pharmacokinetics, and the in vivo blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport of these peptides were quantitatively evaluated. The mechanism responsible for the BBB transp...

Psoriasis treatment has undergone a revolution with the use of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors. Three TNF-inhibitors are registered for treatment of psoriasis. Unfortunately, not all patients respond favourably to anti-TNF treatment. Some patients either do not respond at all or have insufficient response, while others respond initially, but have later relapses despite increased...

OBJECTIVES To identify and quantify resource required and associated costs for implementing TNF-α inhibitor (TNFi) drug level and anti-drug antibody (ADAb) tests in UK rheumatology practice. METHODS A microcosting study, assuming the UK National Health Service perspective, identified the direct medical costs associated with providing TNFi drug level and ADAb testing in clinical practice. Reso...

In Aspergillus nidulans, proline can be used as a carbon and nitrogen source, and its metabolism requires the integration of three signals, including proline induction and nitrogen and carbon metabolite derepression. We have previously shown that the bidirectional promoter in the prnD-prnB intergenic region undergoes drastic chromatin rearrangements such that proline induction leads to the loss...

Pendidikan memiliki komponen yang terpadu dan saling terkait. Pendidik peserta didik merupakan salah satu pendidikan Salah aspek sangat terkait antara pendidik ialah adab. Adab bagian penting berkenaan dengan sikap serta tingkah laku. di Indonesia belakangan ini mengalami kemerosotan adab, nilai-nilai kebaikan semakin merosot tidak seimbang kemajuan teknologi. Dalam dunia mempunyai peran dalam ...