background: androgenic-anabolic steroids (aas) are abused by a growing number of bodybuilders. this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine prevalence and patterns of aas use by bodybuilders in hamadan, western iran. methods: in this cross-sectional study, participants were recruited from five gym clubs in two area of hamadan (a total of 10 clubs). twenty-five bodybuilders ...

background the use of dietary supplements is very common in sport gyms worldwide. however, their use in exercisers in lebanese gyms has never been investigated. conclusions these results indicate a lack of awareness among people who exercise regularly on the benefits and side-effects of dietary supplements. there is an urgent need for the implementation of campaigns that target gym users in leb...

background maternal passive smoking or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke may be a risk factor for maternal and newborn morbidity. objectives the current study aimed to assess the relationship between preterm delivery and tobacco smoke exposure in pregnant woman referring to the shabih-khani maternity hospital in kashan, iran. patients and methods an analytical retrospective cohort study w...

objective: sexual dysfunction in patients who take antipsychotics causes adecline in their quality of life and medication acceptance. considering the restrictions in cross sectional design of many earlier researches, we used a clinical trial aimed at assessing sexual dysfunction by substituting risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic drug, with haloperidol, a typical one . method: this clinical ...

BACKGROUND We would expect information on adverse drug reactions in randomised clinical trials to be easily retrievable from specific searches of electronic databases. However, complete retrieval of such information may not be straightforward, for two reasons. First, not all clinical drug trials provide data on the frequency of adverse effects. Secondly, not all electronic records of trials inc...

BACKGROUND Drug-target identification is crucial to discover novel applications for existing drugs and provide more insights about mechanisms of biological actions, such as adverse drug effects (ADEs). Computational methods along with the integration of current big data sources provide a useful framework for drug-target and drug-adverse effect discovery. RESULTS In this article, we propose a ...

Use of Disulfiram under supervision in well-motivated alcoholics is effective in reducing relapse rates. Several adverse effects, some of them life-threatening, have been reported due to the drug. An awareness of the adverse effects is useful to keep a follow up and sustain patient compliance with the drug. This study of 158 out patients on daily oral disulfiram revealed that though many patien...

Extraction of drug-adverse effect causal relationship supports pharmacovigilance research and reduces the manual efforts for some tasks such as drug safety monitoring and building databases for adverse drugs effects from free text. In this study, we proposed a pattern-based method to extract drug-adverse effects causal relation from medical case reports and to distinguish this relation from oth...