Does economic development depend on geographic endowments like temperate instead of tropical location, the ecological conditions shaping diseases, or an environment good for grains or certain cash crops? Or do these endowments of tropics, germs, and crops affect economic development only through institutions or policies? We test the endowment, institution, and policy views against each other us...

Agricultural Research is one of the most important factors in agricultural development, thus, the role and importance of research is increasing. Within the past years, all developed and consequently developing countries have engaged their most attention to promote their researches indexes. This study is investigating the effect of agricultural research on the distribution of income and agricult...

Non-agricultural income has become an important source of rural household income and has brought with a wide inequality in rural China. This paper investigates the determinants of non-agricultural employment as well as non-agricultural income and then assesses the contribution of these determinants to income inequality with the Chinese Academy of Social Science 2003 survey data and a three-step...

agricultural research is one of the most important factors in agricultural development, thus, the role and importance of research is increasing. within the past years, all developed and consequently developing countries have engaged their most attention to promote their researches indexes. this study is investigating the effect of agricultural research on the distribution of income and agricult...

Based on the Chinese statistics from 1976 to 2004, this paper conducts an empirical study on the relationship between reduction in agricultural tax and income growth of rural residents by using econometric methodologies of cointegration theory and error correction mechanism. The result reveals that the policy of reducing agricultural tax has a positive effect on the whole level of peasant’s inc...

(exogenous, tradable) income as a result of structural changes such as technological progress, improvement in export prices, etc.. Thus, a multiplier of 2.0 suggests an addition of $1.00 on extra income for each $1.00 of new agricultural income , through a re-spending on non-tradable consumer items and intermediate inputs. PAST TRENDS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAH...